多电飞机高压直流供电系统故障机理及保护策略研究

The high voltage DC (HVDC) power supply systems of more electric aircraft (MEA) have multiple operation modes, and strong coupling between subsystems. Traditional protection devices and strategies cannot meet the requirements of volume, weight, switching time, power density, as well as reliability proposed by MEA. This project will build the analytical models for MEA HVDC power supply systems that could reflect the strong coupling characteristics, and give theoretical analysis of the fault formation mechanism under different operation modes and fault locations. Based on the analysis, this project will reveal the correlation between various factors that influencing the failure and the fault characteristics. A new type of DC solid state circuit breaker (SSCB) based on Z-source structure is proposed with its prototype and parameters optimized, based on this, the project will give detailed design of the bidirectional DC SSCB, and realize fast protection actions that could satisfy the requirements. A system level coordinated protection strategy is proposed in the proposal, where the fault will be detected by information fusion of multiple criterions, the fault current will be interrupted by fully controllable power converters, and the system reconfiguration will be realized through communication between each modules. Finally, multidisciplinary integrated platforms of MEA HVDC power supply system will be built to verify the proposed protection strategy. Successful implementation of the methods proposed in this proposal will effectively improve the rapid protection ability of MEA HVDC power supply system against various faults, and further improve the reliability and flight safety of more electric aircraft systems.

多电飞机高压直流供电系统工作模态多，系统耦合性强，常规的民用直流配电保护装置及保护方法难以满足多电飞机对于体积、重量、开断速度、功率密度、可靠性等方面的要求，无法直接应用于多电飞机高压直流供电系统保护。本项目将建立能够反映多电飞机供电系统强耦合特性的解析模型，从理论上分析不同工作模态、不同故障位置下的故障形成机理，揭示影响故障的各类因素与故障特性之间的相关性表征；提出一种基于Z源结构的新型直流固态断路器拓扑结构，并进行参数优化设计，在此基础上开展双向直流固态断路器的研究，形成能够满足系统要求的快速保护方法；提出系统集成化协同保护策略，及基于多判据信息融合的直流系统故障检测方法，通过全控型变换器及模块间的通信实现故障的切除及重构；最后，构建多领域集成仿真验证平台对保护策略进行验证。通过本项目的基础研究，将有效地提高多电飞机高压直流供电系统应对故障的能力，提高多电飞机的可靠性及飞行安全性。

多电飞机将飞机的二次能源部分或者全部采用电能的形式进行分配，优化了飞机的二次能源系统，为飞机动力系统带来了革命性的转变，是现代飞机技术发展的一个重要里程碑。飞机高压直流供电系统是多电飞机未来发展中可供选择的主要供电方式之一，能够满足飞机电力系统在供电效率、功率需求及电能质量等方面的高标准要求。为保障直流供电系统的安全稳定运行，对其故障保护也提出了新的要求。.针对多电飞机高压直流供电系统工作模态多，系统耦合性强，常规的民用直流配电保护装置及保护方法难以满足多电飞机对于体积、重量、开断速度、功率密度、可靠性等方面的要求，本项目对多电飞机高压直流供电系统故障机理及保护策略进行了研究。具体的研究内容如下：从理论上分析了不同工作模态、不同故障位置下的故障形成机理，揭示了影响故障的各类因素与故障特性之间的相关性表征；提出一种基于Z源结构的单向及双向新型直流固态断路器拓扑结构，并进行参数优化设计，形成了能够满足系统要求的快速保护方法；提出系统集成化协同保护策略，及基于多判据信息融合的直流系统故障检测方法，通过全控型变换器及模块间的通信实现故障的切除及重构；最后，构建了多领域集成仿真验证平台对保护策略进行验证。通过本项目的成功实施，将有效地提高多电飞机高压直流供电系统应对故障的能力，提高多电飞机的可靠性及飞行安全性。项目发表SCI、EI检索论文45篇，申请及授权专利13项。项目执行期间，获中国航空学会青年科技奖等荣誉多项。