Atherosclerosis (AS)-related disorder has become the most important factor influencing the survival and mutilation in patients with uremia, the mechanisms involved in the accelerated AS in uremia remain unclear yet. It's known the formation of foam cells (lipid-laden macrophages) is a hallmark of AS, cholesterol content of macrophage is determined by the balance of cholesterol influx and efflux, and the quantity and activity of enzymes involved in cholesterol metabolism. In the previous study, we have established an animal model of uremic AS (uremic apoE?/? mouse), based on that and ex vivo experiments, this study is aimed to: ① investigate the influence of uremia on the genesis and development of AS, and the stability of plaque; ② investigate the relationship between the accelerated AS in uremic model mouse and nuclear factor-κappaB (NFκB) activity, and cholesterol balance of macrophage; ③ investigate the influence of up-regulation and down-regulation NFκB on cholesterol balance of macrophage by constructing the macrophages of NFκB overexpression (transgene) and NFκB inhibited-expression (iRNA silence NFκB gene); ④ investigate the influence of transplanting macrophages of gene recombination on cholesterol balance, AS progression, and the stability of plaque in vivo; ⑤ investigate the influence of antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) on NFκB activity, cholesterol balance of macrophage, and AS progression. To provide molecular cytologic evidences for seeking the pathogenesis and potential therapic target of uremic AS.
尿毒症患者高发的动脉粥样硬化(AS)相关疾病已成为影响其生存率和致残率最重要的因素,目前其加速AS发展的发生机制不十分清楚。巨噬细胞内胆固醇堆积形成泡沫细胞是AS的重要发病机制,胞内胆固醇含量取决于其入胞、出胞之间的平衡及其代谢相关酶的数量和活性。本研究拟在前期建立尿毒症性AS动物模型(尿毒症apoE-/-小鼠)的基础上,结合离体研究,观察:①尿毒症对AS发生发展和斑块稳定性的影响;②尿毒症模型鼠加速发展的AS与巨噬细胞NFκB活性、胆固醇平衡的关系;③通过构建NFκB过度表达(转基因)/NFκB表达抑制(iRNA沉默NFκB基因)的巨噬细胞,观察上调/下调NFκB信号对胞内胆固醇平衡的调节作用;④在体观察移植基因重组的巨噬细胞对胆固醇平衡及AS发展、斑块稳定性的影响;⑤抗氧化剂NAC对巨噬细胞NFκB活性、胆固醇平衡和AS的影响。为探寻尿毒症性AS发病机制和潜在治疗靶提供分子细胞学依据。
慢性肾功能不全(Chronic renal insufficiency,CRI)患者相对于一般人群更易出现动脉粥样硬化病变,有更高的冠心病发病风险,已成为影响其生存率和致残率最为重要的因素。目前其加速加重AS发展的发生机制仍不十分清楚。内环境紊乱是慢性肾功能衰竭患者的重要特征,其造成的炎症和毒素反应成为加速动脉粥样硬化发展的主要原因。尽管血液透析可以部分纠正尿毒症患者的内环境紊乱,但并未明显降低动脉粥样硬化的发生率。透析未能纠正的内环境紊乱造成脂质代谢失衡,并可影响到细胞脂质转运相关受体的表达。胆固醇为主的脂质流入流出异常是泡沫细胞形成的关键。慢性肾功能衰竭患者血清可能通过此途径促进巨噬细胞吞脂形成泡沫细胞,进而加速动脉粥样硬化发生发展。硫酸吲哚酚(Indoxyl sulfate,IS)是一类不能通过透析清除的白蛋白结合性尿毒症毒素,具有明确的致动脉粥样硬化作用,既往研究表明其主要通过炎症和氧化应激反应破坏血管内皮和平滑肌细胞正常的生理功能发挥致动脉粥样硬化作用。IS对巨噬细胞源性泡沫细胞形成的影响尚无报道。本研究旨在观察慢性肾功能不全小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞脂情况以及慢性肾功能不全患者血清和IS对巨噬细胞脂质代谢的影响。研究结果发现:1.有ApoE-/-背景的动脉粥样硬化小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞较C57BL/6J背景小鼠有更为明显的脂质蓄积能力。而离体培养的有ApoE-/-背景的尿毒症小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞与ApoE-/-小鼠相比并无更明显的脂质蓄积趋势。2. 5%的慢性肾功能不全患者血清可明显诱导胆固醇流入受体CD36 mRNA的表达而不影响其他胆固醇转运受体SRA1、ABCA1、ABCG1、SRB1的表达,同时增加RAW264.7细胞诱导的泡沫细胞脂质的蓄积,而10%的慢性肾功能不全患者血清并不继续增加细胞脂质的蓄积程度。3. 250uM的硫酸吲哚酚可明显诱导CD36 mRNA和蛋白的表达而不影响其他胆固醇转运受体SRA1、ABCA1、ABCG1、SRB1 mRNA的表达,同时增加RAW264.7细胞诱导的泡沫细胞脂质的蓄积,500uM浓度的IS反而减低脂质蓄积程度。慢性肾功能不全患者血清及蛋白结合性尿毒症毒素硫酸吲哚酚可诱导巨噬细胞脂质流入受体CD36表达上调,同时提高细胞的脂质蓄积能力,是尿毒症性动脉粥样硬化的发病机制之一,为尿毒症性动脉粥样硬化的防治提供了新的思路。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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