无磁铁基块体金属玻璃基复合材料的体内外生物学性能研究

Fe-based bulk metallic glass matrix composites with high strength, good plasticity and toughness, and specific corrosion resistance (degradation), are expected to be a new class of biodegradable metals, especially showing an attractive prospects in the field of cardiovascular. Unfortunately, there was still limited research on the biological properties of these novel materials. In the current project, we proposed alloying design based on the human health-beneficial rule to develop the novel Fe-based bulk metallic glass matrix composites by introduction of heterogeneous nano- or micro- structures. The biomechanical compatibility and magnetic resonance imaging compatibility of these alloys can be identified by the investigation on the microstructure, room temperature mechanical and magnetic properties, respectively. Then, the in vitro degradation mechanism of the Fe-based bulk metallic glass matrix composite will be discussed in detail by analyzing the the electrochemical behavior in the simulated physiological environment. In vitro biocompatibility will assess by studying the interactions between the alloys and cells compatibility, blood compatibility. Finally, in vivo mechanical properties decay and biological properties will be further studied through animal experiments to elucidate the biological safety and degradation behavior. The present project will not only provide theoretical and experimental evidence for the development of new biodegradable alloys, but also open new avenues of research in a field of metallic glasses.

铁基块体金属玻璃基复合材料因其具有高强度、良好的塑韧性以及独特的腐蚀(降解)性能而有望成为一类新型生物可降解金属，尤其在心血管领域呈现出诱人的应用前景。然而，当前对其生物学性能的研究相当匮乏。为此，本项目基于人体健康有益的合金化设计思想，在铁基块体金属玻璃中引入纳米/微米尺度的非均匀微结构，通过对此复合材料的微观结构、室温力学和磁学性质的研究，评估其生物力学相容性和核磁兼容性。在此基础上系统研究铁基块体金属玻璃基复合材料在模拟人体生理环境中的电化学行为，揭示其体外降解机理。通过研究材料对细胞和血液的作用效应与机理，评估其体外生物相容性。通过动物实验，进一步研究其体内力学性能衰减和生物学性能，阐明铁基块体金属玻璃基复合材料的生物安全性和降解行为。本项目的研究，不仅为开发具有自主知识产权的新型生物可降解金属提供理论和实验依据，也将为金属玻璃开辟新的研究领域和发展空间。

通过合理的成分设计（基于人体必需的营养元素）和结构调控（纳米/微米尺度非均匀结构），制备出兼具优异力学性能和良好生物相容性的无磁Fe基块体金属玻璃基复合材料。重点开发了FeMoPCB(Cu)、FeMoPC(Cu)、FeMoBC(Cu)、FeMoC(Cu)等系列新型铁基块体金属玻璃基复合材料，微观结构分析表明，铁基块体金属玻璃基复合材料的析出相主要为α-Fe，以及部分铁的碳化物或硼化物。热分析结果表明，新型铁基块体金属玻璃基复合材料具有明显的玻璃转变和良好的热稳定性。力学测试结果表明，该体系压缩强度超过3000MPa，尤其是含Cu系列的铁基块体金属玻璃基复合材料，具有明显的室温塑性。对铁基块体金属玻璃基复合材料在模拟体液中的腐蚀行为及生物相容性进行了系统的评估，研究发现，新型铁基块体金属玻璃基复合材料无明显细胞毒性，降解速率可通过成分设计进一步调控，整体具有良好的生物降解性和相容性。本项目的研究，不仅为开发具有自主知识产权的新型生物可降解金属提供了理论和实验依据，也为铁基块体金属玻璃开辟新的研究领域。基于以上研究，发表学术论文15篇，授权国家发明专利3项，培养硕士生3名。