基于晶相调控的含钒钢渣选矿分离基础研究

Now it is normal to use the pyrometallurgy or hydrometallurgy method forextracting vanadium from V-bearing steel slag. However, all these two methods present many problems such as high cost, smaller capacity, environmental pollution, etc. Mineral processing is the key technique in terms of high efficient and clean utilization of non-traditional mineral resources. In this study, we attempt to combine mineral processing theory with etallurgy theory to research the clean vanadium extraction method from V-bearing steel slag. V-bearing steel slag is.characterized by complicated component, dispersive distribution of vanadium and difficult to be beneficiated. In order to extract vanadium from V-bearing steel slag by mineral processing method, the ore may be processed in melting adjustment to control crystal phase and obtain vanadium concentrate, from which the vanadium concentrate is separated and extracted through mineral processing. Basis principle for this research included thermodynamic analysis of phase diagrams, physical chemistry in metallurgy, surface chemistry, flotation.solution chemistry, etc. Main research contents were as follows: In order to describe the mechanism of crystal phase control during melting adjustment process of V-bearing steel slag, the transport enrichment behaviour of vanadium, evolution of V-bearing mineral phases and the effect of test conditions on phase composition of vanadium concentrate were respectively discussed. Objective to explore.crystallinity and chemical properties of the V-bearing mineral particles in association with its surface property and the function of flotation，surface wettability, surface electrical behavior and adsorbability in the main V-bearing minerals in steel slag and flotation behavior of which were investigated. And so the cleaning and high-efficiently utilization of V-bearing steel slag can be realized.

目前从含钒钢渣中提钒主要采取火法冶炼和湿法提取的方法，普遍存在成本高、污染重、处理量小等问题。选矿分离与富集是非传统矿产资源清洁高效利用的关键技术，本项目拟在冶金研究成果基础上，融入选矿技术原理，针对含钒钢渣成分复杂、钒弥散分布、难以分选的特点，提出采用熔融改质法对含钒钢渣进行晶相调控，以钒在单一相中富集和提高钒富集相可选性的途径来最终实现钒的选矿分离。本研究拟运用相图热力学分析、冶金物理化学、表面化学与浮选溶液化学等理论为依据，结合相关分析测试手段，探讨含钒钢渣熔融改质过程中钒的富集行为及含钒矿物相演变规律，研究通过优化改质过程物理化学条件控制熔渣晶相组成，阐明含钒钢渣晶相调控机理；研究改质含钒钢渣中主要含钒矿物表面润湿性、表面电性、吸附性及基本浮选行为，揭示含钒矿物的结晶化学特性与其表面性质及浮选分离效果之间的关联，为实现含钒钢渣的清洁高效资源化利用提供理论基础和科学依据。