基于量子隧道效应的自供电反向散射通信关键技术与理论研究

Due to the advantages of low power consumption, simple and low cost, backscattering communication technology has been widely spread in the applications of RFID and IoT, however, there a is significant gap between the vision of future IoT and the current communication technologies, which is limited by the range while keeping low power consumption. This project aims to make research on the key technologies and theory of quantum tunneling-based backscattering communication, including the optimization of the range of backscattering communication, the accurately modeling of quantum tunneling-based semiconductor devices, as well as the wireless power harvesting technique. By introducing the quantum tunneling-based semiconductor devices, the backscattering signal will be amplified, therefore can make a breakthrough to the current range limitation. Combing with the wireless power harvesting technique, the proposed scattering communication technology will be implemented within hundreds of meters without a battery. The outcome of this research could be found in the application of smart cities, smart bridge, smart agriculture, smart industry, etc.

反向散射技术由于功耗低、电路简单、价格便宜被广泛应用于RFID和物联网中，但通信距离受限使其无法被广泛应用于未来万物互联时代。针对此问题，本项目拟对基于量子隧道效应的自供电反向散射通信关键技术与理论展开研究。主要研究内容包括：反向散射技术传输距离优化方案研究、具有量子隧道效应的半导体器件特性研究及非线性建模、基于无线功率传输技术的无线供电方案研究。通过引入具有量子隧道效应的半导体器件来实现对反向散射信号的放大作用，从而突破反向散射通信距离受限的现状。并结合无线功率传输技术，最终实现在不配备电池的情况下数百米距离的反向散射通信。研究成果有望成为未来物联网关键技术，被广泛应用在智慧城市、智慧桥梁监测、智慧农业、智慧工业等领域。

反向散射技术由于功耗低、电路简单、价格便宜被广泛应用于RFID和物联网中，但通信距离受限使其无法被广泛应用于未来万物互联时代。针对此问题，本项目对基于量子隧道效应的自供电反向散射通信关键技术与理论展开了研究。本项目通过引入具有量子隧道效应的半导体器件来实现对反向散射信号的放大作用，对隧道二极管进行选型和放大电路设计，在功耗仅为209 uW条件下，实现了反向散射信号放大4000倍以上，对应的可数量级增大通信距离，在低功耗前提下突破反向散射通信距离受限的现状。为了实现反向散射通信的自供电，本项目对基于无线功率传输技术的无线供电方案也进行了研究，并进行了无线供电模块的设计、天线设计与测试，测试结果与仿真结果比较匹配，验证了设计方法的有效性。最后针对温度标签传感器的应用进行了原型验证，并通过软件无线电对传感数据进行了正确解调，实现了在不配备电池的情况下的反向散射传感。研究成果有望广泛应用到土木与交通领域可预埋标签传感器中。