There are two local conditions for coronary artery spasm i.e. firstly, coronary artery smooth muscle hyperreactivity that leads to coronary artery hypersensitive to vasoconstrictor substances results in increased contraction and even spasm; and secondly, enough vasoconstrictor substances exists locally to induce coronary artery spasm. Endothelin-1 is the strongest vasoconstrictor substance in man. Activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) by risk factors for coronary artery spasm like hyperlipidemia and cigarette smoke can mediate endothelin receptor upregulation in coronary artery smooth muscle cells, which results in significantly increased coronary artery sensitivity to endothelin-1 and subsequently leads to increase in vasoconstriction, and even vasospasm. Speculatively, blockage of the ERK1/2 signal pathways-mediated endothelin receptor upregulation, the key molecular mechanisms responsible for increased sensitivity of coronary artery smooth muscle cells, will reverse coronary artery smooth muscle hyperreactivity and subsequently prevents coronary artery spasm. We design to use a panel of different methods, including myograph, molecular pharmacology, Western blot, real-time PCR, siRNA and other molecular biology methods in in-vivo models of passive smoked and/or hyperlipidemia rats, and in in-vitro human coronary smooth muscle cell culture in order to investigate effects of the risk factors along and in combination on coronary artery endothelium functions, activation of ERK1/2 signal pathways and endothelin receptor expression in coronary smooth muscle cells. The goal is to reveal the molecular mechanisms responsible for coronary artery spasm and translate these new findings into novel drug and gene therapeutic targets for treatment of coronary artery spasm.
冠状动脉痉挛发生的两个基本条件: 1)冠状动脉平滑肌高反应性,即对收缩物质刺激的敏感性增高,收缩增强、甚至痉挛;2)局部有足够引起平滑肌痉挛的收缩物质。内皮素-1是人体内收缩血管最强的物质。冠状动脉痉挛的危险因素(吸烟和高血脂)能够激活ERK1/2信号通路,引起冠状动脉平滑肌内皮素受体表达上调,从而导致冠状动脉对内皮素-1刺激的敏感性和反应性明显增高,收缩增强、甚至痉挛。推测: 抑制ERK1/2信号通路介导的内皮素受体表达上调,能够改善冠状动脉平滑肌的高反应性,达到治疗的目的。本项目拟采用微小血管张力记录,分子药理学,siRNA 沉默等分子生物学方法,在大鼠体内模型和体外人冠状动脉平滑肌细胞培养中,研究高血脂和吸烟,单一和联合作用,对冠状动脉内皮功能,平滑肌细胞ERK1/2信号通路和内皮素受体表达的影响,旨在揭示冠状动脉痉挛发生的分子病理机制,寻找防治冠状动脉痉挛的药物及基因治疗新靶点。
一、项目的背景.血管痉挛是心血管疾病的关键病理环节之一。冠状动脉发生痉挛的部位常有不同程度的动脉粥样硬化、狭窄存在,而痉挛的发生使冠状动脉进一步狭窄、阻塞,引起心肌缺血、缺氧(心绞痛)、坏死(心肌梗塞)、甚至猝死的发生。由于血管痉挛发生的分子病理机制仍不十分清楚,临床上尚缺乏有效的防治血管痉挛的药物和方法。.二、主要研究内容.血管痉挛发生有两个基本条件: 1)血管平滑肌高反应性,即对收缩物质刺激的敏感性增高,收缩增强、痉挛; 2)局部有足够引起平滑肌痉挛的收缩物质,前者是血管平滑肌表达收缩型受体上调,导致血管平滑肌对收缩物质刺激的敏感性增高;而后者是血管内皮功能紊乱,导致局部释放收缩血管物质增多,舒张血管物质减少。在该理论的指导下,我们对心血管危险因素引起血管痉挛的分子病理机制进行了研究。.三、重要结果、关键数据及其科学意义.1. 发现在心血管危险因子低密度脂蛋白( LDL)引起血管内皮功能紊乱、导致血管痉挛的分子病理机制中,载脂蛋白 B(ApoB)起主要作用,而不是胆固醇,为临床防治心血管疾病提出了新的思路和治疗策略。.2.发现心血管危险因子脂溶性香烟尘粒和轻度修饰的低密度脂蛋白(mmLDL),均能通过激活丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号转导通路,诱导内皮素受体A或收缩型内皮素受体B的高表达,导致动脉血管平滑肌呈现高反应性和血管痉挛。在此研究发现的基础上,首次将纳米药物载体技术用于血管痉挛的干预研究, 构建具有抗血管高反应性的双药靶向纳米药物载体。.3. mmLDL能够通过损伤血管内皮的舒张功能,参与血管痉挛的病理过程,包括其破坏内皮微结构,降低K Ca 3.1 和 K Ca 2.3表达, 进一步使得一氧化氮(NO) 和内皮依赖性超极化因子(EDHF) 介导的内皮舒张功能受损。.4. 发现肾动脉血管培养后,对血栓素受体激动剂 (U46619) 刺激的反应降低,其分子机制是通过NF-kB信号通路下调了血管平滑肌血栓素受体。这一分子机制可能是糖尿病病人或肾缺血造成血栓素分泌增高后,血管的一个自我保护反馈机制。.5.提出他汀类降血脂药物通过抑制“LXR-IDOL-LDLR”轴导致低密度脂蛋白受体在胰岛细胞上高表达是诱发II型糖尿病的关键环节,该调控轴为临床防治II型糖尿病提供了新思路。.该项目研究发表论文9篇,其中SCI论文7篇,核心期刊2篇。投送专利一份。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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