柴达木盆地盐湖卤水体系多温热力学性质及其相平衡动态预测研究

It is famous for the high concentrations of lithium, potassium and magnasium ions in the salt lake brine resource in the Qaidam Basin, and it is also the treasures of inorganic salt resources in China. It is essential to carry out the dynamic phase equilibrium prediction of the salt lake brine system to promote the fine separation and comprehensive utilization of salt lake resources. This proposal is focused on the two aspects: 1) the lacking thermodynamic data of the aqueous borate at different temperatures, the thermodynamic properties of the binary and ternary systems between -30℃ and 100℃ will be measured using the low temperature adiabatic calorimetry to supplement and perfect the Pitzer parameters and their temperature-dependent relational equations; 2) on the basis of quite a number of phase equilibrium experimental data on the stable and metastable solubilities of the salt lake brine systems around the world, the dynamic predictive model for the phase equilibria of the salt lake brine system will be constructed through enriching and developing the Pitzer ion-interaction theory of electrolyte based on the new progresses of theory of modern electrolyte solution. And then, we will develop the dynamic predictive expert system with copyright holder. It can be widely used in the fields of exploiting of intercrystalline bittern, guiding the mixture of the different brines, evaporating water amounts in solar pond, crystallizing order of salts as well as the optimal processing technology of the mixed salts. Based on this expert system, it can be proved systematic basic data on the chemical engineering thermodynamics to promote the reasonable development and utilization of the salt lake resource in the Qaidam Basin.

青海柴达木盆地富锂钾硼盐湖资源国内外罕见，是我国无机盐资源的宝库。开展该盐湖卤水体系相平衡动态预测研究，对于促进盐湖资源的精细化分离及其综合利用至关重要，乃国际前沿课题。本培育项目首先针对目前仍缺乏的硼酸盐水溶液多温热力学性质，创新实验研究方法和手段，开展相关硼酸盐二元和三元体系在-30~100℃的热力学性质量热法研究，补充和完善含硼卤水体系Pitzer模型参数及其温度关联式。在已积累了大量的卤水体系稳定与介稳相平衡基础数据基础上，结合电解质溶液理论最新进展，丰富和发展Pitzer电解质溶液理论，构建柴达木盆地盐湖卤水体系相平衡动态预测模型，形成具有软件著作权的盐湖卤水相平衡动态预测专家系统，可应用于盐湖采卤、兑卤、盐田日晒蒸发、盐类析出顺序、盐类加工工艺方案制定，为柴达木盆地盐湖资源综合利用提供重要的化工热力学基础数据。

柴达木盆盐湖是我国的优势资源，开展盐湖卤水体系相平衡动态预测研究，对于促进盐湖资源的精细化分离及其综合利用至关重要。本培育项目首先合成了尚无商用的锂钠钾的碱金属的偏硼酸盐、五硼酸盐和四种镁硼酸盐，完成了盐湖卤水体系碱金属硼酸盐体系的溶解热、比热和碱金属、碱土金属硼酸盐水溶液体系体积性质研究，系统地获得卤水体系多温Pitzer模型参数及其多温关联式、平衡固相矿物的稳定与介稳平衡判据及其温度关联式。结合多年的研究工作积累，丰富和发展Pitzer电解质溶液理论，构建盐有柴达木盆盐湖卤水体系相平衡动态预测模型，并成功应用于含锂卤水子体系稳定与介稳相平衡预测和盐湖卤水蒸发过程理论计算。在项目执行过程中，出版专著1部、合著章节1部，发表论文27篇（SCI论文22篇、EI期刊论文1篇、中文核心期刊论文4篇），授权国家发明专利7项，获得省部级专利二等奖1项。主办国际学学术会议1次，承办和协办全国学术会议２次，参加国际学术会议2次，参加全国性学术交流会3次。培养博士后2名、博士生2名、硕士生9名；大会特邀报告2次、专题报告2次，获国际优秀学术报告奖1次、优秀Poster奖1次，全国性学术会议优秀学术报告奖1次、优秀墙报奖2次。培养博士后人才2名、毕业博士生１名、毕业硕士研究生６名。超额完成了本项目任务。