生物质限域三维碳-金属氧化物纳米复合材料的制备及其超级电容器性能研究

Nanocomposites with unique three-demission structure offer a promising strategy to enhance the specific capacitance of supercapacitors electrode materials as well as the improvement of the energy density of supercapacitors devices. Interestingly, natural biomass resources with inherent hierarchical channels can restrict the formation of metal oxides under micro- and nano-sized, resulting in unique three-demission biomass-derived carbon/metal oxide nanocomposites involved fine-sized metal oxides. By taking advantage of intrinsic hierarchical channels of biomass, multiplicate carbon/metal oxide composites can be obtained under confined conditions. Especially, the reaction mechanism between biomass resources and metal precursors will be investigated for the influence of the morphology of as-obtained composites as well as their electrochemical performances as electrode materials for supercapacitors, achieving the controllable preparation of carbon/metal oxide composite with rational structure and excellent electrochemical performances. Importantly, this facile synthetic route towards carbon/metal oxide composites provides a convenient and potential way of producing high-performance supercapacitors electrode materials.

拥有独特三维空间结构的纳米复合材料对于提高超级电容器电极材料的比容量，从而提升整体器件的能量密度具有非常重要的意义和作用。天然生物质内部固有的多级通道有利于在微米及纳米尺度上对金属氧化物的生长进行限制，从而形成具有独特三维空间结构，且金属氧化物尺寸精细的生物质衍生碳-金属氧化物纳米复合材料。本研究将利用此限域结构来制备形貌各异的碳-金属氧化物复合材料，重点研究生物质碳源与金属源前驱体的相互作用机制及其对所制备的碳-金属氧化物复合材料的微观形貌和超级电容器性能的影响，实现拥有合理空间结构且电化学性能优异的碳-金属氧化物复合材料的可控制备，为超级电容器电极材料比容量的提高及器件能量密度的提升提供便利的合成途径与方法。