中国海域海蛄虾类分类与动物地理学研究

Thalassinid were important group of reptania (Crustacea, Decapoda, Pleocyemata), they often play major roles in mechanical bioturbation of sediments and mobilization of nutrients entrained in sediments or sedimentary pore-waters, with impacts on water chemistries as well as associated marine microbial, plant, and animal assemblages for their burrowing habit. But there is a dearth of complete and systematical studies of these organisms in China, since lowly economic values and difficulty of specimen collection. The present project is planned to provide a comprehensive investigation of the taxonomy and zoogeography of thalassinid of the China seas after systematic investigation and widespread specimen collection. We would explore the taxonomic status of every specimen by using traditional taxonomy method of morphological research and also try to identify similar species based on molecular phylogenetic methods. For the debate on the phylogeny of thalassinid, an arrangement would be supplied or affirmed base on morphological and molecular studies of Chinese materials. The work will promote the systematic studies of the group and even the Order Decapoda，as well as to establish scientific basis for strategy of shrimp diversity resource preservation, management, and sustainable development.

海蛄虾类作为十足甲壳动物爬行虾类的主要类群，其独特的掘洞习性对于水体底质中的营养物质和间隙水具有重要的生物扰动作用，同时对水体的化学性质及相关的微生物，动植物群落影响显著，但由于采集困难，经济价值不高，在国内缺乏系统的分类学研究。本项目拟通过全面采集补充海蛄虾类标本，以传统的分类学方法为主鉴定标本，系统整理和鉴定中国海域标本种类，并尝试使用分子系统学手段鉴定疑难种与相似种，总结各种的分布特点，针对国际海蛄虾类系统发育研究的争论，根据中国水域的材料提供形态及分子系统学证据，最终补充或肯定一个系统划分方案。推动海蛄虾类乃至十足目的系统学研究，并为对虾类多样性资源保护管理和持续发展策略的制定提供科学依据，促进甲壳类系统学研究进一步发展。

本项目通过2013-2015年我国沿海海蛄虾类标本的全面采集及历史标本复核，，应用传统的形态分类学方法以及分子鉴定，对海蛄虾类进行全面的分类学和动物地理学研究。共记录我国海蛄虾类2下目10科33属67种；发现7新种，6新纪录种，对3个历史研究缺少雄性材料的物种进行了重描述；摸清各类群地理分布情况，为我国海海蛄虾类区系增添了新的信息和区系成分。