旋涡泵多叶片转子与阻隔面干涉机理及压力脉动特性研究

Regenerative pump is a kind of special multi blade pump, which has the characteristics of small flowrate and high pressure. It is widely used in the fields of aerospace, ship, automobile, chemical industry and so on. The blade type, the inlet and outlet flow channel and the stripper are different from the centrifugal pump, the pressure fluctuation harmony of the interaction between the multi blade and the stripper is superposed. In order to suppress vibration and improve the sound quality, the interaction mechanism between the multi blade rotors and the stripper need to be proved. Based on the theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental test, the static pressure distribution evolution near the stripper under different blade phase can be obtained. In order to establish the time and space domain relationship between the frequency/amplitude characteristics of the pressure fluctuation and the unsteady flow characteristics, the characteristic spectral lines and the corresponding internal flow field need to be extracted and analyzed. Based on the above studies, the interaction mechanism between the multi blade and the stripper is expounded. Through the study of different blade distribution, blade structure, stripper and its upstream and downstream flow channel structure, the influence on the pressure fluctuation can be further clarified. The results could give reference to reduce the fluid induced vibration and noise and improve the sound quality of the regenerative pump.

旋涡泵是一种特殊的多叶片泵，具有小流量高扬程的工作特点，在航空航天、舰船、汽车和化工等领域应用较广。其独特的叶片型式、进出口流道和阻隔面结构，导致叶片与阻隔面干涉产生的压力脉动谐波具有叠加效应，其压力脉动频谱具有独特的特点。为了抑制旋涡泵振动噪声并改善其噪声品质，需要探明多叶片转子与阻隔面的干涉机理。本项目拟通过理论研究、数值模拟、实验测试等手段，结合压力脉动时域及频域数据，综合分析不同叶片相位下阻隔面附近静压分布及其演化规律。通过提取压力脉动特征线谱对应的内部流态，建立压力脉动频率、幅值特征与非定常流动特征量在时间域和空间域上的联系，明确旋涡泵多叶片转子与阻隔面之间的动静干涉机理。在此基础上，通过研究不同叶片分布方式、叶片结构型式、阻隔面及其上下游流道结构形式的压力脉动频谱特征，为旋涡泵流体脉动诱发振动噪声问题的改善及噪声品质的提高提供理论参考。

旋涡泵是一种特殊的多叶片泵，具有小流量高扬程的工作特点，在航空航天、舰船、汽车和化工等领域应用较广。其独特的叶片型式、进出口流道和阻隔面结构，导致叶片与阻隔面干涉产生的压力脉动谐波具有叠加效应，其压力脉动频谱具有独特的特点。为了抑制旋涡泵振动噪声并改善其噪声品质，需要探明多叶片转子与阻隔面的干涉机理。本项目基于理论研究、数值模拟、实验测试等手段，研究了旋涡泵能量转化机理、动静干涉机理及压力脉动特性。自行搭建了旋涡泵外特性及压力脉动测量试验系统，用于旋涡泵外特性、压力脉动及噪声的测量。通过对旋涡泵内部三维非定常流动的模拟计算，分析了旋涡泵模式和能量交换特性，提出无量纲轴向距离等参数对纵向旋涡对旋涡泵能量交换的作用做了定量的分析，揭示了旋涡泵的能量转化机理。研究了旋涡泵非定常计算的数值模拟方法，分析了旋涡泵压力脉动时域和频域特征，结合阻隔面附近静压分布数据，对阻隔面长度对旋涡泵动静干涉机理做了详细的阐述。在旋涡泵动静干涉机理的研究基础上，提出了采用非等距分布叶片来改善旋涡泵压力脉动，从而降低旋涡泵的振动噪声。项目的研究成果为旋涡泵流体脉动诱发振动噪声问题的改善及噪声品质的提高提供理论参考。