高性能农用高分子管材制造的科学原理和方法

Through the investigation of the physics and chemistry problems in the processing of polyolefin pipe extrusion, this project tried to explain the relationship between the microstructure and the service performance of polyolefin pipes, and to.promote the knowledge about the pipe-manufacturing principle and technology. Bycombination of molecular design, enhancement and alloyed technique, a series of novel alloyed specialized resins were invented for the preparation of irrigation pipes.The structural variation in the polyolefin blends and the interaction between different components of the alloyed systems were studied in the extrusion process of the polymer pipes. The processing parameters of the pipe-extruder, the mandril and the die were modified and optimized, in order to control the melt-flow and crystallization.behavior in the process. All the above research work led to the improvement of the mechanical properties and service life of the polyolefin pipes. The processing stability was achieved for a series of polyolefin pipes, including LDPE, MDPE, HDPE, PP, PVC, and PET etc. The pipes can alternatively be used for micro-irrigation or water-transfer, depending on the needs in practice. Also in this project, the.manufacturing mechanism of self-reinforcing polyolefin pipes was explored by using a rotary die. The high performance polymer pipes we prepared were submitted to the application of water-saving irrigation in Inner Mongolia District and Guiyang City, to validate the anti-aging and service properties in salty-alkali combat and .dessert-preventing, founding the basement for wide-application of such materials..Preliminary results were gained..The execution of this project produced a series of achievements: (1) the.organization of a scientific team dedicating to polymer pipe research, (2) the laboratory building for basic investigation on polymer-pipe, and (3) the collaboration with Inner Mongolia Normal University on zoology environmental fathering. Totally by actualizing this project, 11 patents were issued, among which 6 were granted. 5 papers were published on SCI journals. Two prizes were obtained, one is the First Prize of Beijing Science and Technology Progress (2001) and another is the First.Prize of Science and Technology of China Analytical and Measurement Society.(2001).

本项目从基础研究入手，深入研究高性能聚烯烃管材加工过程的基本物理和化学问题及其与使用性能的关系，深化了对高分子管材制造原理和技术的认识。通过分子设计、增强和合金化技术，研究开发出系列新型合金化滴灌、渗灌管材专用料，确定了专用料牌号。通过研究管材挤出过程中聚烯烃的结构变化及合金体系中组分间的相互作用，及改进螺杆挤出机的加工工艺参数、芯棒和口模参数，控制螺杆内熔体的流动性和结晶行为，提高了管材力学性能和抗老化性能、延长了材料的使用寿命，并率先开展平面取向高分子管材制造新方法的研究。实现了加工工艺的稳定化，在低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）、中密度聚乙烯（DPE）、高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）、聚丙烯(PP)、聚氯乙烯（PVC）、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）等节水灌溉用高分子管材的研究制造中取得了试制研究的前期成果。开发了薄壁化、高强度的系列聚烯烃管材， 壁厚在0.5mm-3mm 之间， 管材外径有12mm,14mm,16mm,25mm,40mm,60mm,90mm,110mm 等不同规格，既可用于微灌的毛管，又可用于输水管。还开展了自增强聚烯烃管材的加工制造原理研究、微灌用聚烯烃管材的耐老化和耐候性研究、大幅度提高了管材的抗老化性能。将所研制.的高分子管材用于节水农业灌溉、盐碱地治理和荒漠化治理等试验研究，对节水灌溉用高分子管材在内蒙古自治区（呼和浩特市、锡林郭勒盟）和贵州省（贵阳市）的实际应用效果进行了考察，为进一步将高性能高分子管材制造技术的推广.应用奠定了基础。通过本项目的实施，在高性能高分子管材制造方面形成了一支科技队伍，建.立了管材制造原理性研究的实验室，拥有自己设计制造的实验用管材挤出机组及专用料研制设备。共计申请中国发明专利9 项（已授权4 项），实用新型专利2项（授权2 项），发表SCI 论文5 篇。获得北京市科技进步一等奖1 项（2001），.中国分析测试协会科