大跨度装配式脊杆环撑索穹顶结构新体系与关键性能研究

Cable dome is a novel kind of large-span space flexible structure, characterized with reasonable mechanical characteristic and very structure efficiency, which is the mostly representative structure system to reflect the advanced materials, design and construction technology of contemporary architecture. In this project, in order to deal with the disadvantages of traditional cable domes that the ridge cables are prone to slack, the structure is sensitive when subjected to eccentric loading, the quantity of diagonal cables is large and it cannot realize the prefabricated construction, a new kind structure system and typical node constructions of prefabricated large-span ridge tube cable dome with annular struts featured in balancing rigidity and flexibility of the structure have been proposed. The prefabricated large-span ridge tube cable dome with annular struts has advantages of possessing feasible assemblability, being without ridge cable slack phenomenon, increasing the bearing capacity and requiring small quantity of diagonal cables, simultaneously, it can reduce the constructional difficulty, be constructed in convenience and high efficiency, be without pollution, disassemble easily and meet the requirements of green buildings. Theoretical analyzing, numerical simulation and model testing methods have been selected to carry out the research on the new type cable domes structure system; that the static and dynamic performance of the node and the tensegrity structure, the distribution of the initial prestress, the prefabrication of the tensegrity structure, the synchronous tensioning and form-finding and the resisting progressive collapse design would be investigated. Additionally, the working mechanism and key performance laws, the prefabricated synchronous tensioning method as well as theory and method of the design for the structural system would be achieved. The advancement and practicability of the new structure system would be verified and laid foundation for the application in engineering projects.

索穹顶结构是一种较为新颖的大跨度空间柔性结构体系，具有合理的受力特性和极高的结构效率，是最能体现当代建筑先进材料、设计和施工技术水平的结构体系。本课题针对传统索穹顶存在脊索易发生松弛、对偏心荷载敏感、斜索数量较多且无法实现装配式施工等关键科学问题，提出一种刚柔并济的新型大跨度装配式脊杆环撑索穹顶结构体系及其典型节点构造。该体系具有便捷整体装配性，无脊索松弛现象、承载能力提高、斜索数量少等优点，同时降低了施工难度，速度快捷，无污染，易拆卸、符合绿色建筑的要求。应用理论分析、数值模拟、模型试验等手段，对新型索穹顶结构体系开展节点和整体结构静动力性能、初始预应力分布、结构体系整体装配和整体张拉找形及抗连续倒塌的系列研究工作，获得新型大跨度装配式脊杆索穹顶结构体系的工作机理及关键性能规律、整体装配张拉施工方法和结构体系设计理论和方法，验证新体系的先进性和可行性，为工程应用奠定基础。

大跨度钢结构体系创新和重大工程应用是衡量一个国家建筑业现代化水平及综合国力的重大标志，具有重大战略意义，是最能体现当代建筑先进材料、设计和施工技术水平的结构体系。传统大跨度索穹顶结构体系在国内外已有较为广泛的发展和工程应用，然而传统索穹顶结构仍存在形式单一性、脊索易松弛、受偏心荷载影响敏感、斜索数量多且无法实现整体装配等问题。.本项目创新提出了满足整体装配、整体张拉的新型结构体系—大跨度装配式脊杆环撑索穹顶结构及空间三撑杆双环索索穹顶结构体系，研发了适用于该新型索穹顶结构体系上部结构连接的预应力-高强螺栓连接节点及半刚性销轴节点，以及适用于该体系下部结构连接的半球形滚动式新型索撑节点。通过试验研究、数值模拟与理论分析相结合的方法系统研究了体系及其典型关键节点的力学性能及抗震性能，主要取得以下创新研究成果：（1）创新提出了新型大跨度装配式脊杆环撑索穹顶结构新体系及空间三撑杆双环索索穹顶结构体系；（2）提出了新型索穹顶结构体系初始预应力分布的快捷计算方法；（3）通过预应力-高强螺栓连接节点及半刚性销轴节点平面内外抗弯性能、滞回性能及抗拉压性能试验与数值模拟研究，得到了节点的承载力及破坏机理，提出了节点设计方法，可用于实际工程设计；（4）通过半球形滚动式索撑节点空间受力分析、摩擦力简化受力分析以及缩尺节点的张拉试验以及有限元分析，提出了该类节点因摩擦产生的预应力损失的计算方法；（5）获得了新型索穹顶结构体系不同部位拉索失效后剩余结构的内力、节点位移等响应，拉索的松弛状况及结构的抗连续倒塌能力，提出了新型索穹顶结构抗连续倒塌设计方法。.研究成果在国内外公开发表学术论文15篇，其中SCI 4篇，EI 5篇、国内核心期刊4篇、会议论文2篇。授权国家发明专利3项，项目培养博士研究生2名，硕士研究生7名，完成项目研究计划。