室内装修材料对人体暴露邻苯二甲酸酯的影响及相关暴露途径

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are a group of synthetic environmental endocrine disruptors, which have adverse effects on human health. Although exposure levels of several PAEs in Chinese people are among the highest in the world, the major sources and exposure pathways are not very clear. Our previous studies found that interior decoration materials are closely related to human exposure to PAEs. However, the effect of indoor decoration materials on human exposure to PAEs and related exposure pathways are rarely reported untill now. Under this project, we will analyze occurrence of PAEs in five types of decoration materials (plastic pipe, paint, flooring, wallpaper and furniture), indoor air and dust in decoration materials stores; analyze occurrence of PAEs metabolites in urine of decoration materials retailers; explore the pathways of PAEs in interior decoration materials that can enter into human body; assess risk assessment of occupational exposure to PAEs; clarify the transmission process of PAEs in “interior decoration materials-indoor environment-human body”; develop PAEs occupational exposure model; reveal the influence of interior decoration materials on human exposure to PAEs. The results can provide theoretical basis and scientific scheme for prevention and reduction of human PAEs exposure and the improvement of PAEs traceability research.

邻苯二甲酸酯（Phthalic acid esters, PAEs）是一类对人体健康影响较大的环境内分泌干扰物。我国居民体内部分PAEs暴露水平居世界前列，但其来源和暴露途径尚不完全清晰。我们前期研究发现，装修材料与人体暴露PAEs密切相关，然而装修材料对人体暴露PAEs的影响及相关暴露路径迄今为止罕有报道。本项目拟在前期工作基础上，研究5类装修材料（塑料管材、油漆涂料、地板、壁纸和家具板材）中PAEs的赋存特征，同时分析装修材料专营店室内空气、灰尘和营销人员体内PAEs的污染情况，在此基础上，探索装修材料PAEs进入人体的路径，评估装修材料营销人员PAEs暴露的健康风险，构建PAEs职业暴露模式图，揭示PAEs在“装修材料—室内环境—人体”中的传输过程，阐明室内装修材料对PAEs暴露的影响。本研究结果可为或预防或阻断人体PAEs暴露、完善PAEs溯源研究提供理论基础和科学方案。

装修材料与人体暴露邻苯二甲酸酯（Phthalic acid esters, PAEs）密切相关，阐明装修材料对人体暴露PAEs的影响及相关暴露路径对人体PAEs暴露研究具有重要意义。本项目研究了装修材料、装修材料专营店室内空气和灰尘中PAEs的赋存特征，以及装修材料营销人员体内中PAEs的暴露情况。结果表明，油漆涂料、墙布、地板、家具板材中PAEs的总浓度分别为36118ng/g、4936ng/g、6018ng/g和26617ng/g，不同类型装修材料中各种PAEs的浓度和组成存在较大差异，DMP和DBP是油漆涂料和墙布中主要的PAEs，DEHP是地板和家具板材中主要的PAEs。装修材料的材质是影响其PAEs浓度和组成的重要因素，相同类型不同材质的装修材料PAEs的浓度和组成具有较大差异。墙布、地板、家具板材和家居店室内灰尘中PAEs总浓度（中值）分别为146082ng/g、95311ng/g、158927ng/g和138120ng/g。DEHP、DBP和DIBP是装修材料专营店室内灰尘中主要的PAEs，浓度占各类型装修材料专营店室内灰尘PAEs总浓度的90%、93%、93%和86%。装修材料专营店营销人员经灰尘经口暴露和皮肤吸收暴露PAEs的趋势一致，PAEs暴露总量由高到低均为家具板材专营店（113ng/kg-bw/day和0.78ng/kg-bw/day）>家居店（114ng/kg-bw/day和0.71ng/kg-bw/day）>墙布专营店（102ng/kg-bw/day和0.51ng/kg-bw/day）>地板专营店（60.0ng/kg-bw/day 和0.47ng/kg-bw/day）。经口暴露途径中，4种类型专营店营销人员经灰尘暴露PAEs的暴露量依次为DEHP>DBP>DIBP>DMP>DEP，皮肤吸收暴露途径中，PAEs的暴露量依次为DBP>DIBP>DEHP。油漆涂料、地板、家具板材和家居店营销人员尿液中PAEs代谢物总浓度分别为113μg/g、108μg/g、109μg/g和126μg/g，显著高于对照组人群（11.0μg/g）。油漆涂料和家居店零售商体内DMP日暴露量最高，地板、家具板材和家居店零售商体内DEHP的日暴露量最高。