陆相断陷湖盆深水浊积扇定量地震地貌学研究

Recently petroleum exploration and development about deep-water sandstone has been given emphasis all over the world. With the deepening of petroleum exploration in the continental faulted basins in east China, deep-water sandbodies with a large number of petroleum resources has been a new petroleum exploration domain. But there are series of scientific and technical problems, such as small-scale (several square kilometers), thin thickness, the complexity of the distribution law and uncertainty of geophysical response characteristics. All these problems restrict the exploration and development about the turbidite sandstone seriously. The project chooses the member 3 of Hetaoyuan Formation in the Biyang Sag as a study object, and specific content are following: Based on geological and geophysical data, the project researches deep-water turbidite fan sandbodies and establishes the sedimentary geological conceptual model; Making seismic forward physical model; Using a variety of parameters carries out quantitative seismic geomorphology research for physical model data, and understanding geological meaning of the various geophysical response characteristics; Verifying anastomotic degree between the interpretation of physical model data and actual sedimentary geologic model, building the seismic sedimentary facies model of deep-water turbidite fans in the continental faulted basins, and forecasting quantitative distribution of deep-water turbidite sandbodies. It is expected to get innovative results in two direction including quantitative research of deep-water slump turbidite sandbodies and building seismic sedimentary facies model of the sandbodies.

近期国内外注重了深水砂岩油气勘探开发。随着中国东部陆相断陷盆地油气勘探的不断深入，蕴藏着大量油气资源的深水浊积砂体已经成为新的油气勘探领域，但由于其规模小（几平方公里）、厚度薄、分布规律复杂、地球物理响应特征不明确等科学和技术难题，严重制约了该类砂体的勘探和开发。本项目选择泌阳凹陷核桃园组作为研究对象，利用地质和地球物理资料研究深水浊积扇砂体，建立沉积地质概念模型；制作地震正演物理模型；利用多种参数对物理模型数据进行定量地震地貌学研究，明确各种地球物理响应特征的地质含义；验证物理模型数据解释结果与实际沉积地质模型的吻合程度，建立陆相断陷湖盆深水浊积扇的地震沉积相模式，预测深水浊积砂体定量分布。预期在定量研究深水滑塌浊积砂体，建立该类砂体地震沉积相模式方面可获得创新性成果。

本项目选择具有典型陆相断馅湖盆特征的泌阳凹陷作为研究对象，首先利用地质和地球物理资料研究深水浊积扇砂体，建立了沉积地质概念模型，模型共分为5层，自下而上模拟了深水区在先水退、后水进的完整沉积旋回下沉积的深水滑塌浊积扇砂体。然后使用硅胶、环氧树脂等物理材料制作了地震正演物理模型，利用水槽超声地震物理模拟方法进行地震数据采集，并通过叠前去噪、多次波衰减、反褶积、叠前时间偏移等技术流程对采集的地震数据进行了处理和解释；最后通过沿层切片和地层切片技术对地震数据体进行了属性分析，并基于地理信息系统的原理，利用多种参数对物理模型数据进行定量地震地貌学研究，明确各种地球物理响应特征的地质含义，建立了深水滑塌浊积扇的沉积模式。