野生大豆籽粒蛋白质含量关键等位变异解析

Seed protein content is the important quality trait of soybean, the alleles which can increase the seed protein content existe in wild soybean. ZYD4219 is a wild soybean and has high seed protein content. The positive seed protein content alleles in ZYD4219 were introgressed in Nannongcaidou 5 (CD5) based on backcross method, and created the high protein Nannongcaidou 5 (HPCD5). In this project, the CD5 and HPCD5 will be used as materials to analyze the the difference expression genes and develop markers based on transcriptome of seed different developmental stages. The hybrid combinations will be made between CD5 and HPCD5, and the progeny population of the cross will be used to fine mapping the key allele of protein content from wild soybean in HPCD5. The hybrid combinations will also be made between HPCD5 and the main soybean varieties, which will be used to analysis the application effect of the key allele from wild soybean in different genetic backgrounds. Through the implementation of this project, the difference of genes expression in different seed developmental stages of HPCD5 will be analyzed, fine mapping the key allele from wild soybean, and understand the application effect of the allele in different genetic backgrounds.

籽粒蛋白质含量是大豆重要的品质性状，野生大豆含有提高大豆蛋白质含量的等位变异，ZYD4219是野生大豆中蛋白质含量较高的大豆种质，前期利用回交手段将野生大豆ZYD4219中控制籽粒蛋白质含量的增效等位变异导入南农菜豆5号中（CD5），创制了高蛋白南农菜豆5号回交系（HPCD5）。本项目拟以CD5和HPCD5为材料，分析其籽粒不同发育阶段转录组，研究CD5和HPCD5籽粒基因表达差异和开发分子标记；配置CD5和HPCD5杂交组合，利用杂交组合后代群体对HPCD5中来自野生大豆蛋白质含量关键变异进行精细定位；配置HPCD5与主推大豆品种杂交组合，解析野生大豆蛋白质含量关键等位变异在不同遗传背景下的应用效果。通过本项目的实施，解析HPCD5中籽粒不同发育阶段基因表达差异，对野生大豆蛋白质含量关键等位变异进行精细定位，了解该等位变异在不同遗传背景下的应用效果。

籽粒蛋白质含量是大豆重要的品质性状，本研究利用南农菜豆5号（CD5）和导入野生大豆片段的高蛋白南农菜豆5号回交系（HPCD5）为基础，通过重测序手段在HPCD5中检测到11个野生大豆导入片段，利用CD5和HPCD5杂交后代群体，在15号染色体检测到一个同时控制大豆百粒重、油脂和蛋白质含量的位点，已报道的来自野生大豆控制大豆百粒重、油脂和蛋白质含量的GmSWEET39基因在位点区间内。利用转录组测序技术在开花后20天、30天、40天和50天测定籽粒基因表达情况，发现不同时期CD5中GmSWEET39基因表达量均高于HPCD5，其中在开花后30天GmSWEET39基因表达量差异显著。分析CD5和HPCD5在GmSWEET39基因序列上的差异，检测到72个位点差异，对其中的部分INDEL位点设计分子标记已用于今后的分子标记辅助选择。配置HPCD5与国审大豆品种中黄39、徐豆14和南农99-6的杂交组合，筛选出84份资料蛋白质含量高于45%的家系。该研究结果为大豆品质育种提供了理论支持和育种实践。