清代历法数理研究

Modern European astronomy inherited ancient Greece astronomical system of two traditions, which are the traditional mathematical astronomy established by mathematical astronomers and cosmology by natural philosophers. These two traditional systems had been gradually introduced in the calendar reform of the late Ming and early Qing dynasties and the calendar revision of the medium-term of Qing Dynasty in China..Having based on recent research achievements on the transition of ancient Chinese astronomy and the modernization of Chinese astronomy, the project focuses on the mathematical analyses in the detailed calculating programs and geometrical models for the compilation of the following four calendars, i.e., Xiyang Xinfa Lishu (Treatise on Mathematics (Astronomy and Calendrical Science) according to the New Method, 1645), Kangxi Yongnian Lifa (Eternal Calendrical Tables for the Kangxi Emperor, 1678), Yuzhi Lixiang Kaocheng (Through Investigation of Calendrical Astronomy Composed Imperially, 1724) and Yuzhi Lixiang Kaocheng Houbian (Supplement to Through Investigation of Calendrical Astronomy Composed Imperially, 1742 ), in order to outline the developmental pattern of modern Chinese mathematical astronomy in Qing Dynasty.

欧洲近代天文学继承古希腊天文学体系的两大传统：一是由数学天文学家所建立的数学天文学传统，二是自然哲学家所建立的宇宙学传统。上述两大传统系统地引入我国明末清初的历法改革和清前中期的历法修订中。.依据关于中国古代数理天文学转轨与中国天文学近代化历程的最新研究成果，侧重于解析清代行用的四部历法，即《西洋新法历书》（1645）-康熙永年历法（1678）-康熙甲子元历（《御制历象考成》，1725）-雍正癸卯元历（《御制历象考成后编》，1742）-道光甲午元历（未备）的具体内容、"复原"相关模型及推步计算，追溯西学理论源流，展开清代宫廷历法数理研究，勾勒中国近代数理天文学发展图景。