富氧底吹铜锍连续吹炼关键杂质元素强化脱除调控研究

The copper matte continuous converting of oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing (CCOB process) is a self-dependent innovative technology of China. However, there are problems such as multi-phase dispersion and low removal rate of key impurity elements (As, Sb, Bi, Pb, etc.), which has become a common bottleneck problem and restricts the further development of the process. To solve this problem, we proposed a removal regulation method of key impurity elements based on the directional separation and enhanced mass transfer of elements: ①To clarify the transformation behavior and multi-phase distribution of key impurity elements, the non-steady-state multiphase equilibrium thermodynamic model of CCOB process is established. ②To reveal the evolution process and mass transfer behavior of key impurity elements in micro-meso-macro multi-scale migration, the multi-scale coupling model of phase-field cooperative is established. ③Combined with the CCOB process production practice, the constraints affecting the directional separation of key impurity elements are found, and the directional separation and enhanced removal mechanism of key impurity elements to slag/gas phase are confirmed. Based on these, the regulation measures are formed. After the project is completed, the theory and method of directional separation of key impurity elements in CCOB process are established, which can provide guidance for the clean smelting of copper complex resources and the separation and recovery of associated impurity elements.

富氧底吹铜锍连续吹炼是我国自主研发的清洁冶金新方法，但工业实践中存在关键杂质元素（As、Sb、Bi、Pb等）多相分散，脱除率低等问题，制约该方法进一步发展。为解决上述问题，本研究提出了基于关键杂质元素定向分配与强化传质的脱除调控方法，拟研究：①构建底吹连续吹炼非稳态多相平衡模型，明确关键杂质元素底吹连续吹炼转化行为与多相分配规律。②构建相场协同多尺度耦合传质模型，明确关键杂质元素在微观-介观-宏观的多尺度迁移演变历程与传质行为。③结合生产实践，明确影响关键杂质元素定向分离的制约因素，建立关键杂质元素向渣/气相富集的定向分离与强化脱除机制，形成调控措施。通过本研究，建立底吹连续吹炼关键杂质元素定向分离理论与方法，为铜复杂资源清洁冶炼与伴生杂质元素分离回收提供指导。

富氧底吹铜锍连续吹炼是我国自主研发的清洁冶金方法，但工业实践中存在关键杂质元素多相分散、脱除率低等问题，亟需明确铜锍连续吹炼过程中关键杂质元素多相分配行为与脱除机制。本项目以富氧底吹铜锍连续吹炼工艺为研究对象，开展了关键杂质元素强化脱除理论研究。.（1）开展了连续吹炼过程关键杂质元素多相分配行为研究。明晰了铜锍连续吹炼原料、产物中关键杂质元素种类、含量和赋存状态；开发了吹炼体系组元活度系数、吉布斯自由能等热力学参数数据库，构建了连续吹炼非稳态多相平衡模型；揭示了底吹铜锍连续吹炼过程热力学反应机理，明确了关键杂质元素（Pb、As、Sb、Bi）非稳态多相平衡分配行为。.（2）开展了关键杂质元素多相传质动力学强化研究。构建了关键杂质元素微观界面传质模型，阐明了连续吹炼工艺杂质元素传质行为；明确了连续吹炼工艺杂质元素脱除途径及关键影响因素，形成了关键杂质元素多相传质动力学强化调控机制。.（3）开展了关键杂质元素脱除调控机制与措施研究。明确了原料组成及工艺参数对关键杂质脱除的影响，优化了连续吹炼工艺参数，铜相中Au、Ag富集率提高至98.86%、98.71%，伴生Pb、As、Sb、Bi总脱除率提高至83.35%、99.88%、75.33%、69.57%, 实现了连续吹炼工艺集成优化调控。.项目实施过程中明确了连续吹炼过程多元素的多相演变和分配行为，揭示了连续吹炼工艺杂质元素强化脱除机制，形成了连续吹炼关键杂质元素定向分离理论与方法；实现了有价金属定向富集和杂质元素强化脱除，解决了生产实践过程伴生元素分散、产品杂质含量高、有价金属直收率低等问题，促进富氧底吹连续吹炼技术推广应用。项目发表学术论文10篇，授权国家知识产权6项，培养湖南省杰青1名，获得省部级科技奖励4项，超额完成项目考核指标。