超导量子比特器件的材料、工艺、设计探索

Quantum information processing technique has been research focus recently. Quantum computation, which possesses computing power exponentially scaling with the amount of hardware, breaks the limit of Moor's law. Based on superconducting Josephson junction, superconducting qubits can be easily coupled to each other in a control way, and massively scaled up. Moreover, the traditional nano-, micro-technology of semiconductor can be brought to the fabrication of superconducting qubit. Therefore, superconducting quantum computing (SQC) has been viewed as one of the most promising schemes. Research on SQC is now being on the verge of a big breakthrough. However, our technique ability still significantly falls behind the advanced world level in the area of SQC. We need to catch up sooner rather than later. Superconducting qubit, the basic element for SQC, composes mainly of superconducting Josephson junctions. At present, our country is still short of the fabrication facilities and technique accumulation of Josephson junction. Some research groups need samples provided from oversea. To establish our independent developing ability of superconducting qubit, by taking advantage of the fabrication facilities in Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information technology, Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, we propose the research plan to develop superconducting qubit devices, explore both fabrication processes and materials aiming for improvement of the devices.

量子信息处理技术是当前各国研究的热点。其中量子计算技术可以展现随硬件增长呈指数倍增长的计算能力，这突破了传统计算机摩尔定律极限。基于超导约瑟夫森结的超导量子比特容易实现可控耦合、大规模集成化，可以与已经成熟的微纳工艺技术结合，是实现量子计算最有前途的方案之一。当前国际上基于超导量子计算技术的研究已经濒临巨大突破的边缘，然而我国在超导量子计算领域与国际先进水平还有较大差距，急需迎头赶上。超导量子比特器件是超导量子计算的最基本单元，其主要构成元件是超导约瑟夫森结。目前我国由于缺乏相应的约瑟夫森结制备工艺平台和技术积累，国内有些研究团队的样品还是海外提供。为建立我国独立的超导量子比特研发技术，结合上海微系统所、中科院超导电子学卓越创新中心的国际一流的超导工艺平台优势，我们提出从工艺创新，新材料探索两个方面研究提高超导量子比特器件性能，并尝试新器件设计，建立自主的超导量子比特器件研发体系。