基于SLAF-seq的小黑麦饲草产量与品质性状关联分析

Triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) is a synthetic cereal that originated from a cross between Tritium (AABB or AABBDD) and Secale cereal L. (RR). It combines grain quality and productivity typical for wheat with vigor, high lysine content and biotic and abitic resistance specific for rye. Triticale has a broad range of applications，its grain is mainly used for feeding and human consumption. Moreover,hexoploid triticale is mainly used as animal feed and shows great potential as bioenergy crop. The biomass and forage quality are the important traits for triticale used as animal forage..300 diverse hexoploid triticale collections were selected form more than 500 triticale accessions from worldwide based on morphologiical and grographical diversity. The project aims to phenotype the 300 triticale collections biomass and analyze their forage quality traits in the same environment. And the 300 triticale collections genomic regions will be detected using specific length amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq), and the genome-wide association analysis of triticale biomass and forage quality will be performed and triticale genetic map will be constructed, and QTL for triticale biomass and forage quality will be mapped..The results will contribute to find new alleles for triticale biomass and forage quality improvement in triticale breeding, and develop the molecular markers to enhance triticale biomass and forage quality traits simultaneously, and help to clone the functional genes related with triticale biomass and forage quality. The study will provide a certain theoretical basis for triticale genetic improvement for higher triticale biomass and better forage quality.

小黑麦是人工将小麦与黑麦杂交并经染色体加倍育成的新作物，具有籽粒与生物产量高、适应性广、抗逆性强的特点，可作粮食、饲料与工业原料等用途。近些年来，饲草型小黑麦成为国内外六倍体小黑麦发展的主要方向，饲草产量与品质成为其主要育种目标和品种评价依据。.本项目在前期收集的国内、外500余份六倍体小黑麦种质资源的基础上，拟筛选出300份农艺性状、地理来源多样性种质，采用同一环境条件下对其种植，调查其饲草产量与品质性状指标，利用简化基因组测序技术（SLAS-seq)对其基因组水平SNP遗传多样性进行检测，开展小黑麦饲草产量和品质性状全基因组关联分析，发掘小黑麦饲草产量和品质性状优异等位基因变异，探究控制饲草产量和品质性状的关键功能基因与代谢途径，开发小黑麦饲草产量及品质分子标记并对其进行验证，为小黑麦饲草产量与品质同时改良的分子标记辅助育种及理解小黑麦生物产量与植株养分变化的分子基础提供依据。

小黑麦是人工将小麦和黑麦通过属间杂交及染色体加倍育成的新作物。六倍体小黑麦（基因组AABBRR）因其生物产量高、适应性强，具有粮食、饲草、饲料以及生物能源等多种用途。当前全世界大面积应用的多为六倍体小黑麦。饲草产量与品质是饲草型小黑麦育种的主要目标，也是饲草型小黑麦品种评价的关键指标。发掘小黑麦种质中饲草产量与品质性状优异等位基因，开发相关分子标记，可为饲草型小黑麦遗传改良奠定基础。.项目通过对国内外300份冬春性饲草型小黑麦种质经过两年一点的田间种植与性状调查分析，利用简化基因组测序技术，开发小黑麦高通量SNP 43489196个。通过全基因组关联分析，关联到382个与小黑麦饲草产量与品质性状相关的SNP位点，关联到253个与籽粒产量相关性状显著关联的SNP位点，关联到74个位点与籽粒品质性状显著相关的SNP位点。通过对这些SNP分析，共候选到与饲草产量与品质性状相关基因49个，与籽粒产量相关基因91个，与籽粒品质性状基因27个。.这些与小黑麦饲草及籽粒产量与品质性状相关的SNP发掘以及候选基因发现，将为小黑麦饲草及籽粒产量与品质性状遗传基础解析及高产优质小黑麦新品种培育奠定基础。