介质贴片的特性分析及其在毫米波天线中的应用研究

Unlike traditional metal microstrip patch, the rising of dielectric patch provides the new thinking in the construction of radiation element. In fact，the dielectric patch has great advantages in operating bandwidth and radiating efficiency, which makes it a promising candidate in the design of high performance millimeter-wave antennas. At present, the research and design of dielectric patch is still in the initial stage. In view of this point, the project aims at catching such an opportunity, carrying out in-depth study and exploration of the dielectric patch on its characteristics and applications in millimeter-wave antenna designs. The main contents of this project are included as follows: First, the inherent working mechanism and design model of the dielectric patch will be explored through selective analysis of its characteristics, such as bandwidth, gain, single or dual operating mode. Then, the effective way of single and dual mode excitation will be investigated, the efficient feed structure will be developed correspondingly. On this basis, with the help of advanced 3-D processing technology, the dielectric patch will be applied to design high performance millimeter-wave linearly polarized and circularly polarized antennas, owning attractive features of wide bandwidth, high efficiency and low cost. Last but not least, the effective combination of the dielectric patch as well as metal microstrip patch and dielectric resonator will be sought as far as possible, aiming to develop hybrid structure millimeter-wave antennas with special features, such as wideband, multi-band or high gain, etc.

与传统金属微带贴片不同，介质贴片的提出为辐射单元的构建提供了一种全新的设计思路。而介质贴片所展示出的工作频带宽、辐射效率高等显著优势，更是使其在高性能毫米波天线设计领域极具应用潜力。当前，国内外针对介质贴片的研究与设计尚处于起步阶段。本课题将抓住这一契机，深入开展介质贴片的特性挖掘和分析及其在毫米波天线中的应用研究。主要研究内容包括：通过重点分析介质贴片的带宽特性、增益特性、单模及双模特性，探究其真实工作机理，提炼具有设计指导意义的工作模型；探讨有效的单模及双模激励方式，并设计相应的高效率馈电结构；在此基础上，利用先进三维加工技术，研制集宽频带、高效率和低成本等优点于一身的高性能毫米波线极化、圆极化天线单元及阵列；进一步将介质贴片与金属微带贴片或介质谐振器进行有效结合，设计具有宽带、多频带或者高增益等特点的混合结构毫米波天线。

介质贴片性能优良，极具在毫米波频段的应用潜力，可以为发展高性能毫米波天线提供新的解决方案。此前，国内外针对介质贴片只有零星的报道，未能充分揭示其工作机理，发挥其性能优势。本项目对介质贴片作了深入的研究，已从工作模式、带宽、增益、辐射方向图与效率等方面作了特性分析与总结，阐明了其相比于传统微带贴片天线/介质谐振器天线的性能优势。在此基础上，本项目利用介质贴片自身的特点，并与传统微带贴片天线/介质谐振器天线的设计方法以及新颖的超材料天线的设计概念等相结合，进一步开展了诸多微波和毫米波频段的应用设计研究，涉及线极化、圆极化、以及极化可重构的宽带高效率介质贴片天线单元及阵列。这些天线设计已陆续在IEEE TAP、IEEE AWPL，IEEE ACCESS以及IET EL等本领域知名SCI期刊上发表。项目取得的研究进展和成果，将丰富介质贴片天线理论体系，为设计高性能微波毫米波天线提供设计指导。