Milk protein contains nearly all essential amino acid, which is of high nutritional value. Milk protein content in China is much less than that in the dairy developed countries. It is very significant to increase milk protein content. This project is based on previous studies that small peptide can be efficiently utilized to synthesize milk protein in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). Gene interference, immunofluorescence and co-immunoprecipitation are adopted to detect the effect of PepT2 on the milk protein synthesis and whether PepT2 is a physical peptide sensing machinery that controls the activation of mTOR. Western blot, immunofluorescence and co-immunoprecipitation was performed to explore the effect of N-glycosylation, ubiquitination and mTOR on the expression and function of PepT2 in BMECs. The study will clarify the function and regulatory factor of PepT2 and provide a theoretical basis for the regulation of milk protein synthesis in dairy cows.
乳蛋白中几乎含有所有的必需氨基酸,具有极高的营养价值。但我国牛奶中乳蛋白含量明显低于乳业发达国家。因此,提高牛奶中乳蛋白含量意义重大。本研究以奶牛乳腺上皮细胞可以高效利用小肽合成乳蛋白为研究基础,利用基因干扰、免疫共沉淀及免疫荧光等技术,探索PepT2在乳蛋白合成及作为溶酶体上潜在的小肽感受器,调控mTOR信号通路激活中的作用;通过点突变、western blot、免疫荧光、免疫共沉淀及小肽摄取试验研究N-糖基化、泛素化及mTOR信号因子对PepT2表达和功能的影响及其调控机制。该研究旨在明确PepT2在奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中的功能及调控因素,为小肽的合理利用提供理论依据,并最终实现提高乳品质的目的。
Met-Met可以提高奶牛乳腺细胞乳蛋白的合成,但是其影响乳蛋白合成的分子机制及其摄取、调控机制尚未解明。本项目系统研究了PepT2在奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中的作用及其调控机制。研究发现干扰PepT2抑制了奶牛乳腺细胞增殖、小肽的摄取以及β-酪蛋白合成,提示PepT2在奶牛乳腺乳蛋白合成中发挥重要作用。随后探究了Met-Met在奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中的摄取机制,发现PepT2在奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中高效摄取Met-Met,且其对Met-Met的摄取特点表现为高亲和力,低容量(米氏常数为50.52 µM, 最大吸收速度为200.4 pmol/min/mg protein)。突变第九和第十跨膜结构域的第528个天冬酰胺会通过调控PepT2的稳定性及其在细胞内的移位影响其对小肽的摄取,明确了N-糖基化可以调控PepT2 的表达和功能;进一步研究发现泛素化连接酶Nedd4-2可以调控PepT2表达和功能,进而影响乳蛋白的合成。最后发现PepT2介导炎性肽iE-DAP进入细胞而引起细胞的免疫应答,且Met-Met通过NF-κB信号通路缓解炎性肽iE-DAP诱导的乳腺细胞的炎症反应。以上研究阐明了奶牛乳腺对小肽的摄取、利用及其调控机制,为通过调控PepT2实现提高乳品质的目的提供理论依据。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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