催化裂化催化剂多组元多活性敏感结构设计与控制方法

This project aims to design and controllable preparation of catalytically sensitive sites of multi-components of the catalysts of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC). It addresses the fundamental issues in reaction mechanism and kinetics of commercial catalytic cracking of heavier hydrocarbons and the smart design and controllable preparations of catalytically sensitive sites of components of the FCC catalyst, concerning the negative changes of feedstocks, upgrading of fuels and sustainable processing of the FCC process. For the cracking activity component, the main idea mainly focus on optimization of synthesizing ultra-high silicon alumina ratio zeolite Y with catalytically sensitive multi-sites structure on acid property, nanopore distribution, hydrothermal stability and crystallinity. For the activity/additivity component, methodology of ZSM-5 synthesis with multi-site sensitive structure is the main research content by introducing post-treatment of creating hierarchical micro-mesopores. As for the isomerization enhancement additive component, SAPO-11 zeolite with controllable multi-site sensitive structure is synthesized by acid configuration and pore reconstruction. Against to the problem of acid-soluble metal alumina sol structure and preparation, self-assembly technique is the introduced to the preparation of alumina sol with high connectivity and controllable acid property when using soluble pseudoboehmite as feedstock. Briefly, new design concept of FCC catalyst synthesis is explored by optimizing preparation methodology on catalytically sensitive multi-sites or single site of components.

以多组元多活性敏感结构设计与可控制性制备为理念，以重油催化裂化反应机理研究为基础，以单组元多活性敏感结构设计与高效控制性合成技术为主线，探索原料重质化劣质化、产品轻质化清洁化、过程绿色化节能化条件下的催化裂化催化剂设计与制备新思路、新方法，为我国以催化裂化催化剂为主体的炼油催化剂技术进步奠定理论与技术基础。针对裂化活性组元，开展超高硅铝比Y型分子筛酸性质、孔结构、稳定性、结晶度等多活性敏感结构的制备方法研究。对于活性/助剂组元，引入后处理微－介复合制备方法，研究ZSM-5的多敏感结构设计方法。对于增强异构反应助剂组元，通过酸性位配置与孔结构调整，制备多活性敏感结构可控制的SAPO-11分子筛。针对酸溶金属铝溶胶的结构与制备技术问题，以可溶性拟薄水铝石为原料，将自组装技术引入氧化铝溶胶的制备，以实现开放性、酸性质的调控。通过单组元、多组元多活性敏感结构的不同制备方法与优化，探索新的催化裂化催化剂设计新理念。

以多组元多活性敏感结构设计与可控制性制备为理念，以重油催化裂化反应机理研究为基础，以单组元多活性敏感结构设计与高效控制性合成技术为主线，探索原料重质化劣质化、产品轻质化清洁化、过程绿色化节能化条件下的催化裂化催化剂设计与制备新思路、新方法。针对裂化活性组元，开展了超高硅铝比Y型分子筛酸性质、孔结构、稳定性、结晶度等多活性敏感结构的制备方法研究。对于活性/助剂组元，引入后处理微－介复合制备方法，研究了ZSM-5的多敏感结构设计方法。对于增强异构反应助剂组元，通过酸性位配置与孔结构调整，制备了多活性敏感结构可控制的微孔-介孔复合SAPO-11分子筛和杂原子取代型 AlPO-11分子筛应用于条件苛刻的催化裂化过反应。针对酸溶金属铝溶胶的结构与制备技术问题，以可溶性拟薄水铝石为原料，将自组装技术引入氧化铝溶胶的制备，以实现开放性、酸性质的调控。通过单组元、多组元多活性敏感结构的不同制备方法与优化，探索新的催化裂化催化剂设计新理念。在催化裂化反应机制研究与单组元多活性敏感结构设计的基础上，将催化裂化催化剂看作一个有机整体，从多组元多敏感结构角度进行催化裂化催化剂的设计。