腔辅助动力学势下超冷物态的量子调控研究

Cavity-assisted dynamical atom-photon coupling offers a new way to manipulate ultralcold atoms. On the one hand, cavity photons serves as a relay station to induce long-range atom correlation and to access quantum manipulation of complex many-body behaviours. On the other hand, due to its ability to highlight dynamical properties of photons, atom-cavity system can be utilized to explore novel quantum state induced by collective behaviours of light and matter. According to mean-field theory, atomic phase transition is normally triggered by cavity superradiance. However, the non-classical characteristic of cavity field may be largely enhanced within the non-superradiant region, giving rise to break down of mean-field treatment. Moreover, notice that cavity thermal noise may lead to extra photon correlations, the dynamical potential subjected to thermal fluctuations is still unexplored. Therefore, the present research project will study the quantum manipulation of ultracold matters subject to cavity-assisted dynamical potential, with special attention on the quantum state without superradiance. Our aim is to clarify how the cavity field affects the matter fields, and to demonstrate the effective impacts of thermal noise imposing on the dynamical potential. Our project is expected to offer reliable theory to detect atom-photon collective dynamics.

由光学微腔辅助的动力学原子-光子耦合为超冷原子的量子调控提供了新的思路。一方面，微腔光子可以作为原子间相互作用的中继站，诱导长程的原子关联，从而实现对复杂多体行为的量子模拟。另一方面，原子-微腔系统能够最大程度地凸显出光子的动力学性质，从而可以探索由光与物质场集体行为诱导的新奇物态。平均场理论认为，腔辅助动力学势下原子相转变的直接动因是腔场的超辐射。然而，对于无超辐射相变的正常相区，腔场的非经典特征可能会明显增强，从而导致平均场近似失效。另外，考虑到腔场的有限温度输入噪声会贡献额外的光子关联，有关热涨落下腔动力学势的行为目前尚不明确。基于此，本申请项目拟研究腔辅助动力学势下超冷物态的量子调控，重点关注腔场无超辐射时原子的物态变化，力图从原理上澄清腔场涨落对物质场的有效作用，揭示热噪声对腔辅助动力学势的一般影响，为进一步探测原子-光子集体动力学提供可靠的理论依据。

光学微腔辅助的动力学原子-光子耦合为超冷原子的量子调控提供了新的思路。一方面，微腔光子可以作为原子间相互作用的中继站，诱导长程的原子关联，从而实现对复杂多体行为的量子模拟。另一方面，原子-微腔系统能够最大程度地凸显出光子的动力学性质，从而可以探索由光与物质场集体行为诱导的新奇物态。平均场理论认为，腔辅助动力学势下原子相转变的直接动因是腔场的超辐射。然而，对于无超辐射相变的正常相区，腔场的非经典特征可能会明显增强，从而导致平均场近似失效。另外，考虑到腔场的有限温度输入噪声会贡献额外的光子关联，有关热涨落下腔动力学势的行为目前尚不明确。本项目在已有工作的基础上揭示腔辅助动力学势下超冷物态的新奇量子效应，提出一套解决原子-光子强耦合作用下系统动力学特性的解析办法， 并从原理上澄清了腔场涨落对物质场的有效作用。本项目结果为进一步探测原子-光子集体动力学提供了可靠的理论依据。