基于树脂吸附的芳香可离子化有机物去除机制与技术

A large amout of wastewaters derived from manufacturing aromatic ionizable organic compounds (AIOCs) can cause a variety of discharge problems due to their high concentrations, complex components, strong inorganic salt contents, high toxicity and low biodegradability. Currently, the treated AIOCs wastewaters can hardly meet the requirements of the discharge standard using common treatment techniques. Therefore the treatment of AIOCs wastewaters are of great concerns. Theoretically, AIOCs can be easily adsorbed by the anion exchange resin, however, due to the complex composition of the actual wastewaters, particularly the presence of high concentration of inorganic salts, the adsorption capacity of the conventional exchanger decreases sharply. To overcome the obstacles of traditional resin, a series of AIOCs specialty macroporous weakly basic anion exchange resins will be synthesized according to the principles of molecular imprinting technique by positioning functional groups which are preferred using computer-aided simulation. The adsorption performance of the resins with different pore structures, specific surface area, functional group, functional group density and distribution can be studied. The force between resins and AIOCs, and the law of competitive adsorption and selective separation behaviours between different AIOCs or between AIOCs and inorganic anions will also be investigated. This study will provide a better understanding of the adsorption mechanism and the structure-activity relationship among AIOCs, inorganic salts and newly synthesized resins. Thereafter, the fixed bed adsorption and desorption experiments will be carried out, and the optimal resins will be selected and used for the treatment of the actual industrial wastewaters. The implementation of this study will be of great significance for not only the design and synthesis of novel ion exchange resins but also the effective resource recovery of AIOCs from wastewaters.

芳香可离子化有机物（AIOCs）废水来源广、数量多，一般具有浓度高、成分复杂、无机盐含量高、毒性大、难以降解等特点，常规处理技术难以奏效，是环保界公认的治理难题。AIOCs可被阴离子交换树脂吸附，但由于实际废水成分复杂，尤其是高浓度无机盐的存在，导致现有离子交换树脂的吸附性能不佳。本项目以计算机模拟计算优选功能基化试剂，借鉴分子印迹技术原理定位功能基，制备出系列对AIOCs有较高吸附选择性的新型离子交换树脂。研究树脂的孔结构、比表面积、功能基团、功能基团含量和空间分布对其吸附性能的影响规律，分析树脂与AIOCs的作用力形式，比较不同AIOCs之间及其与无机阴离子在树脂上的竞争吸附行为和选择分离规律，探索其作用机理和构效关系，并开展固定床动态吸附-脱附研究，筛选出性能优良的树脂用于实际工业废水的处理。本项目的实施对新型离子交换树脂的设计合成，AIOCs废水的治理与资源回收具有重要意义。

本课题以计算机模拟计算为指导，制备出系列苯乙烯系大孔弱碱性阴离子交换树脂，并系统研究了其对水溶液中芳香可离子化有机物（AIOCs）的吸附特性。结果表明计算机模拟计算可有效应用于树脂功能基的优化筛选和吸附机理研究；树脂功能基种类、密度均对其吸附容量和选择性具有重要影响；采用模板诱导合成的树脂对特定AIOCs具有优良的抗无机盐干扰能力和吸附选择性。本课题的开展对高分子吸附剂的设计合成和AIOCs废水的治理与资源回收提供了重要指导。