Wheat is the most important food crop. Wheat floral organs provide the basis for grain formation such that wheat yield is directly influenced by floral organ development. AG-like gene plays a vital role in floral organ development. AG-like gene WAG-2, a class C MADS-box gene acts to specify wheat floral organ development, especially the stamen and pistil. Previous studies have revealed that WAG-2 gene may contribute to pistil development and could be functionally important in defining the morphology of pistil in TP mutant or pistillody-stamen in HTS mutant, and revealed that WAG-2 is an alternative splicing gene. However, there were no further reports about the numbers, splicing sites and expression pattern of alternative splicing variant of WAG-2 mRNA. In this program, by using the TP and HTS mutant, the main work should be conducted as following. (1) to amplify the full mRNA sequences of alternative splicing variant of WAG-2 gene by RT-PCR, and to analyze the alternative splicing sites. (2) to examine the expression pattern of alternative splicing variant of WAG-2 by real-time PCR and RNA in situ hybridization. (3) to find out the function of alternative splicing variant by transgenic lines of Arabidopsis thaliana. The significances of this work lie in: (1) providing the basis for detecting interaction of WAG-2 protein with mutant protein and for identifying the target gene of WAG-2 transcription factor using genomics strategy. (2) providing evidence for study on the effect of plant hormone, carbon source and temperature on the regulation of WAG-2 gene expression. (3) adding new data for wheat flower development so as to using WAG-2 gene in wheat breeding and culture.
小麦花器官发育直接影响小麦产量。AG亚家族基因在花器官发育中起着承上启下的作用。WAG-2是隶属于AG亚家族的C功能基因。已研究表明WAG-2是选择性剪切基因,与小麦雄蕊、雌蕊发育密切相关。目前对WAG-2剪切体的数量、剪切方式、表达模式及功能缺乏研究。本项目拟以WAG-2为研究对象,以小麦花发育突变体TP和HTS为材料,进行如下研究:①通过RT-PCR分离WAG-2基因剪切体,分析剪切体的数量和剪切方式;②采用Real-time PCR 和RNA原位杂交检测剪切体的时空表达;③转化拟南芥,探讨剪切体在TP和HTS雄蕊、雌蕊和雌蕊化雄蕊发育中的功能。本项目为探讨WAG-2蛋白与突变蛋白间的相互作用奠定基础,为深入研究WAG-2转录因子的调控靶基因提供参考,也为进一步研究激素、碳源、温度等对WAG-2的表达调控提供依据,从而为小麦花发育机制补充新数据,以便在小麦育种和栽培实践中利用该基因。
AGAMOUS 亚家族基因 WAG-2与小麦雌蕊发育相关。本研究通过 RT-PCR 分离 WAG-2 基因的选择性剪切体,通过 Real-time PCR 检测WAG-2选择性剪切体和等位变异的表达情况,转化拟南芥对 WAG-2选择性剪切体和等位变异的功能进行了初步研究。结果从乌拉尔图、拟斯卑尔脱山羊草、节节麦的各发育阶段幼穗中,克隆得到WAG-2的两种转录类型,分属于两种选择性剪切类型。从 CSTP 幼穗中分离得到了 WAG-2 基因的四种转录类型,从 CM28 TP 和小麦雄蕊同源转化成雌蕊突变体 HTS幼穗中得到七种转录类型。不同转录类型的序列变异主要位于两处,一处位于第三内含子和第四外显子边界处,三个碱基 5'-AGT-3' 的插入/ 缺失,导致 K-domain 结构域 α-helice Ⅰ 单个丝氨酸的插入/ 缺失,从而导致两种选择性剪切类型的产生。第二处位于高度变异的C端区,主要是12-bp (5’-GCAGCAGCA-3’),或 9-bp (5’-GCAGCA-3’ ),或6-bp (5’-GCA-3’) 的插入/ 缺失,导致4个或3个或2个谷氨酰胺的插入/ 缺失。小麦野生近缘种中,两个转录物在小穗发育不同阶段差异表达,暗示了它们在小穗发育中有不同的作用。WAG-2 基因的四个转录产物在 CS 中显著表达,在 CSTP 中下调,且在花器官发育早期表达水平较低,后期高水平表达,这表明 WAG-2 基因与小麦三雌蕊性状的产生有关,WAG-2 基因主要参与花器官如雌蕊的发育,而不是雌蕊原基的分化。WAG-2 转基因阳性植株主要存在三种表型:一是花期改变(早花或晚花),二是株型变异(植株矮小,分支增多或减少),三是花发育异常(主要是雌蕊伸长)。WAG-2 转录类型13的转基因植株即 KTFR1-13 表现出明显的生长发育缓慢,植株矮小,开花延迟,花朵减少,分支减少,而且雌蕊发育异常,具体表现为雌蕊伸长,形态异常,从而出现授粉障碍,结实困难。研究结果为解析 WAG-2 基因的功能奠定基础,为小麦花发育机制补充新的数据,以便进一步在小麦育种和栽培实践中利用该基因。项目资助发表学术论文3篇,培养硕士生3名,其中1名已取得硕士学位,2名在读,项目投入经费20万元,各项支出基本与预算相符。剩余经费6.2026万元,计划用于项目的后续研究支出。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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