极化特性调控超材料与雷达波陷阱设计

Metamaterial is a novel artificial material, which can be constructed for the stronger electric and magnetic response to electromagnetic wave. The composition of metamaterial—leaving a huge plastic space for the metamaterial and electromagnetic wave transmission and the research of polarization conversion due to the diversity of unit-cell microstructure design. The flexibility of metamaterial design, the effectiveness of metamaterial performance manipulation, especially, the high efficient manipulation of the electromagnetic wave polarization, which has opened up a new research idea for the radar wave manipulation design. The traditional research mode of the electromagnetic wave transmission—energy dissipation can be broken by this project. From the view of the manipulation of electromagnetic wave polarization, we can get the polarization trap structure, which is similar to blackbody and further avoided the detection of the electromagnetic wave. Forming the bi-layers radar wave trapped structure of the “transmission and reflection” with the completely difference of the polarization characteristics, thus, the radar wave can be trapped in the up and bottom polarization mismatched layers. This application is intended to carry out the research of radar wave polarization manipulation metamaterial: Obtaining the key breakthrough for metamaterial structure design for the effective manipulation of electromagnetic wave polarization with transmission and reflection mode; Establishing theoretical model and mathematical expressions for electromagnetic wave polarization manipulation of metamaterial; performing radar wave "trap" metamaterials structure design, obtaining metamaterial design method for the radar wave polarization manipulation by experiment feedback, correction and design optimization of metamaterial. Our research is expected to promote the application basic research of metamaterials in the areas of polarization antenna, energy capture, optoelectronic devices, and radar wave manipulation

超材料是可构建电磁波强电-磁响应的新型人工材料。超材料组成-单元微结构设计多样性，为超材料与电磁波传输、极化转换研究留下巨大可塑空间。超材料结构设计的灵活性、性能调控的有效性，特别是它的电磁波极化特性高效调控性为雷达波操控设计提供了新思路。本项目打破电磁波传输-能量耗散的传统研究模式，从操控电磁波极化特性的角度获得类似黑体的极化陷阱结构，进而实现电磁波的不可探测性。形成极化特性完全相异的“透射-反射”双层雷达波陷阱结构，雷达波“禁锢”在极化特性不匹配的上层、下层之间。本申请拟开展雷达波极化调控超材料研究，重点突破电磁波透射、反射极化特性调控超材料设计，建立超材料的电磁波极化特性模型与数学表达；进行雷达波“陷阱”结构超材料设计、实验反馈、修正与设计优化，获得雷达波极化特性调控超材料设计方法。有望促进超材料在极化天线、能量捕获、新型光电器件、雷达波操控领域等应用基础研究。

超材料作为一种具备反常电磁特性的亚波长人工复合材料，其灵活多样的“组成-微结构-性能”设计为电磁波传输调控提供了新的研究思路，特别是对电磁波极化特性的高效调控、操控电磁波的传输特性提供了新的研究方法。.本项目突破电磁波传输-能量耗散的传统研究模式，从调控电磁波极化特性角度构建类似黑体的极化陷阱结构；形成极化特性完全相异的“透射-反射”双层雷达波陷阱。在极化特性相异的上层、下层之间“禁锢”雷达波，实现电磁波的不可探测性。主要研究内容有：1. 超材料结构设计与电磁波极化特性调控机理研究，通过超材料数值模拟与理论分析，认知了极化特性调控超材料结构模型设计原则；2. 电磁波极化特性调控超材料“设计-制备-测试-反馈-修正”研究，通过探索超材料与电磁波相互作用机制，获得了超材料调控电磁波极化特性的设计方法；3. 通过对垂直入射电磁波耦合表面波设计、手征性超材料电磁波极化调控研究，构建了类表面等离子激元相位梯度超材料表面与矩阵型编码调控超材料表面设计方法。.优化了基于极化特性调控超材料的设计，研究了雷达波极化陷阱材料的制备方法，雷达波极化陷阱材料（材料面密度：≤ 3.0 kg/m2；适用频带：L、S、C、X、Ku）实现了各频带80 %波段范围内90 %垂直极化转换水平极化或90 %水平极化转换垂直极化等优良性能。该研究实现了完善的雷达波极化特性调控材料设计制备方法及宽频带雷达波陷阱，在超材料的基础研究与应用研究中具有重要的理论价值和广泛的应用前景。