供水管网典型管垢作用下高毒性溴代、碘代消毒副产物的生成机制

Because of their high cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, brominated/iodinated disinfection by-products (Br/I-DBPs) are research hotspots in the field of drinking water disinfection. Aiming to evaluate formation mechanism of Br/I-DBPs in the presence of pipe scale during distribution of drinking water, this study will focus on: Constituent and characterization investigation of typical pipe scale in the distribution system of China for the screening of highly reactive scale; effects of catalytic disproportionation and redox reactions in the presence of pipe scales on the attenuation of disinfectant and formation and transformation of free bromine and free iodine ; the structural and DBPs formation potential variations of natural organic matter induced by the adsorption, complexation, redox and fractionation reactions with different pipe scales; the formation and transformation mechanisms of Br/I-DBPs in simulated pipe section reactor. Then, formation and transformation kinetics model of Br/I-DBPs based on one-dimensional hydraulic flow will be proposed, which will be used to predict the formation species and concentration of Br/I-DBPs and provide effective measures for controlling the formation of Br/I-DBPs at the endpoint of distribution networks. Overall, this study will provide useful insights for evaluation of water quality risk induced by Br/I-DBPs throughout the whole process of water disinfection and distribution.

溴代、碘代消毒副产物（Br/I-DBPs）具有高细胞毒性与遗传毒性，是饮用水消毒领域研究热点之一。本项目聚焦输配过程中典型管垢作用下Br/I-DBPs的生成规律，拟开展：我国供水管网典型管垢的组分与特征调查，筛查出高反应活性的典型管垢；管垢催化歧化、氧化还原等反应影响消毒剂衰减、自由溴、自由碘生成转化的机制研究；管垢吸附、络合、氧化还原、分馏等作用下背景有机物的结构与DBPs生成势变化机制研究；管段反应器模拟输配条件下Br/I-DBPs生成与转化研究。在此基础上，构建基于一维流态DBPs生成转化动力学模型预测管网末端Br/I-DBPs的种类与浓度，并提出相应的消毒工艺控制策略。该课题的实施将有助于全过程评估饮用水消毒与输配中Br/I-DBPs形成的水质风险。

溴代、碘代消毒副产物（Br/I-DBPs）具有高细胞毒性与遗传毒性，是饮用水消毒领域研究热点之一。本项目聚焦输配过程中典型管垢作用下Br/I-DBPs的生成规律，开展了氯化过程中零价铁（ZVI）对溴酸盐的还原作用增强溴代消毒副产物（Br-DBPs）的生成研究，明确了ZVI剂量，pH, 初始溴酸盐和HOCl浓度等在氯化过程中对ZVI还原溴酸盐过程及产生的Br-DBPs的影响 ；完成了铅管主要腐蚀产物PbO2氧化碘化物的动力学、机理及有毒碘消毒副产物的生成研究，预氧化可以将I-转化为IO3-，应进一步研究预氧化过程在I-存在下对Pb还原溶解的影响，以及因此对I-DBPs形成的抑制作用；考察了铜管中CuO催化生物膜胞外聚合物生成消毒副产物对HepG2细胞代谢组学和转录组学的调控研究，CuO的存在不仅促进了氯和溴与EPS的取代反应生成TOX，而且使DBPs的物种从氯代向溴代转化。产率和种类的变化对HepG2细胞生长有明显的抑制作用。完成了复合铁腐蚀产品（Fe/Fe3O4）的催化下过硫酸盐对碘胺醇和莠去津的转化研究。在此基础上，提出相应的消毒工艺控制策略，该课题的实施有助于全过程评估饮用水消毒与输配中Br/I-DBPs形成的水质风险。该项目执行期间，共发表论文24篇，其中SCI论文18篇，中文核心期刊论文6篇，申请发明专利2项，获得省级自然科学三等奖1项，培养博士生、硕士生各3名，全面完成了项目考核目标。