云贵高原模织蛾属（鳞翅目：麦蛾总科）分类学与系统发育研究

The genus Meleonoma belongs to Lepidoptera Gelechioidea and has a very high species diversity level in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. However, there still lacks a thorough and up-to-date taxonomic study of Meleonoma in this region. The taxonomic status of this genus is very unstable as well and it has been frequently placed in different subfamilies or even families in Gelechioidea according to different researchers. Currently, the accurate resolution of the phylogenetic positioning of this genus in Gelechioidea has become very difficult only by utilizing taxonomic methods of traditional morphology. Therefore, in this project we intend to study Meleonoma systematically by combining morphological methods and molecular techniques. The morphological studies can fully clarify the species diversity of this genus in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and screen out those morphological characters that are of evolutionary significance; molecular biology studies aided with Multi-genes can help pick out the accurate and efficient genetic markers for the molecular identifications of Meleonoma species, and fill the vacancy in the DNA barcoding study of this genus. Phylogenetic studies based on morphological and molecular data are able to illuminate the taxonomic status of Meleonoma and establish a natural phylogenetic system for this genus. The research results of this project will certainly play an important role in the study of the origin and evolution of Meleonoma, and also build up a solid foundation for the further study of its biological mechanisms and provide valuable data for the utilization of its biodiversity.

模织蛾属Meleonoma隶属于鳞翅目Lepidoptera麦蛾总科Gelechioidea，云贵高原地区分布多样性极高。本类群目前尚缺乏针对该地区的系统分类研究。模织蛾属的分类地位极不稳定，常被置于麦蛾总科不同的科或亚科。仅以传统形态分类手段难以解决其高级阶元的归属定位问题。本研究拟将形态鉴定和分子技术相结合，开展模织蛾属系统分类研究。通过形态学研究，可以充分厘清我国云贵高原模织蛾属的物种多样性，并筛选出具有进化意义的形态特征；多基因联合的分子生物学研究可筛选出准确高效的模织蛾属分子鉴定标记，填补该属DNA条形码研究的空白。基于形态和分子数据的系统发育研究将澄清模织蛾属高级阶元的分类地位，建立基于系统发育的自然分类系统。研究结果将对全面开展该属的起源与进化研究起到重要作用，为深入研究该类群的生物学机制奠定坚实基础，为其生物多样性利用提供有价值的数据。

模列蛾属（Meleonoma）隶属于鳞翅目（Lepidoptera）麦蛾总科（Gelechioidea）列蛾科（Autostichidae）。该类群一方面在我国尤其是云贵高原地区具有很高的物种多样性，另一方面，其单系性和科级归属地位长期存在争议。本研究以云贵高原为重点区域，通过物种多样性调查和标本采集，共梳理模列蛾属及其相关类群标本12属，150余种，3000余头，发现模列蛾属新种16个，相关属新种2个，中国新记录种1个。完成了模列蛾属的云贵高原物种多样性调查，整理出云贵高原模列蛾属种类名录。本研究首次测定模列蛾属、斑列蛾属和带列蛾属的线粒体基因组序列共31条，其中26条测得全长，3条已上传到GenBank数据库，填补了列蛾科尚无完整线粒体基因组报道的空白，同时基于线粒体基因组比较研究概括出列蛾科线粒体基因组的基本特点。在此基础上，本研究将这31条序列和从GenBank上获取的27条线粒体基因组序列联合，用于构建基于线粒体组13个蛋白编码基因的麦蛾总科ML和BI系统发育树。系统发育分析结果表明，模列蛾属的确为一单系群，并隶属于列蛾科。本研究还依据系统发育分析结果对模列蛾属内部种团划分进行了修订，将两个种团合并，并新建1个种团，使修订后的种团划分系统更加自然合理、可靠性和实用性更强。最终，在本项目支持下，发表SCI论文6篇。