应用引导接收器的环境自适应浅海波导声源被动测距方法

Passive source range estimation has a great perspective on civil engineering and on military engineering.Matched field processing(MFP) and matched modes processing(MMP) works well in theory and in numerical simulation, it is not always applicable to real-world situations because it requires very accurate knowledge of the environment parameters. Other source localization methods have been developed that require much less a prior knowledge about the environment by using the concept of the waveguide invariant. Enlightening by 'guided source' method, in this project a 'guided receiver' method is proposed for source range estimation.Two receivers are placed horizontal,one is "ranging receiver"the other is "guided receiver",the distance between two receivers is Δr. Two kinds of processing are included,one in time domain the other in frequency domain.For processing in time domain,the difference of normal modes arrival time can be extracted from two receiver signals in time domain tmn1、tmn2.Then the pulsed source distance can be estimated byΔr, tmn1 and tmn2.In addition, the De-dispersion transform presented by proposer is used for signal pretreatment in order to extract arrival time difference accurately.For processing in frequency domain,source range can be estimated by r-ωinterference structure and Δr.This method require no prior knowledge about the environment. In the process of doing this subject, the setup parameters such as distance between two receivers,depths of receivers are discussed. The methods will be validated by simulation and verified with experimental data.

水下声源被动测距在军事和民用两方面都有重要应用。模基匹配类方法因需要已知海洋环境参数而在应用中受到限制，环境自适应声源测距方法是当前的研究热点。本项目受波导不变量概念下"引导声源"测距方法的启发，提出了一种"引导接收器"的测距方法，其原理是水平布放两水听器（短阵），"测距水听器"和"引导水听器"，其间距离Δr，处理方法分为时域和频域两种，时域方法可处理脉冲信号，需用到申请人之前提出的消频散变换对信号进行预处理以准确提取简正波传播时延差tmn，然后根据tmn和Δr的关系估计声源距离；频域方法可处理非脉冲信号，用两水听器信号的r-ω干涉结构LOFAR图的斜率和Δr的关系估计声源距离。该方法不需已知海洋环境参数和波导不变量β值，是一种利用波导多途频散特征的环境自适用声源测距方法。完成项目期间将深入研究方法适用的频段，两水听器距离、深度、特定号简正波的最优选择等理论问题，并进行数值仿真和海上实验。

水下声源被动测距在军事和民用两方面都有重要应用。本项目受波导不变量概念下“引导声源”测距方法的启发，提出了一种“引导接收器”的测距方法，其原理是水平布放两水听器（短阵），“测距水听器”和“引导水听器”，其间距离Δr，处理方法分为时域和频域两种，时域方法可处理脉冲信号，需用到课题负责人之前提出的消频散变换对信号进行预处理以准确提取简正波传播时延差tmn，然后根据tmn和Δr的关系估计声源距离；频域方法可处理非脉冲信号，用两水听器信号的r-ω干涉结构LOFAR图的斜率和Δr的关系估计声源距离。该方法不需已知海洋环境参数和波导不变量β值，是一种利用波导多途频散特征的环境自适用声源测距方法。完成项目期间深入研究方法适用的频段，两水听器距离、特定号简正波的最优选择等问题，并进行了数值仿真和海上实验。项目完成期间针对常见水中目标线谱测距问题展开研究，在本课题在脉冲声源测距研究基础上提出一种线谱声源测距方法。数值仿真验证了方法的可行性。海试数据分析表明，当连续谱部分非常微弱无法有效测距时，利用多条线谱声强起伏测距的方法仍能稳定的估计渔船目标距离，估计距离的平均相对误差为12%。本课题的研究成果有望应用于水中常见目标的测距、定位，具有重要的国防应用前景。