利用特殊浸润性材料构筑二维限域反应体系的研究

Miniature chemical reactions in confined space have widely applied in the fabrication of valuable or dangerous chemicals or materials due to their unique advantages of low cost, high efficiency, easy assembly and integration. However, the design of current miniature chemical reactors commonly mostly rely on microfluidic channels/chambers, which are suffered by several limitation issues such as tunability in reactor size, type of chemical reaction, and the lack of fabrication of two dimensional materials. This project is proposed to construct a type of novel miniature chemical reactors with two-dimensional confinement in reaction space, based on the unique spreading and low adhesion properties of liquids on slippery surface and underwater superoleophobic surface. We will design superoleophobic material through fluoro-chemistry, on which would oil droplet not only spread with low contact angle but also have low adhesion. These miniature chemical reactors with two-dimensional confinement will be used for the reaction of micro or nano litter liquid. Various interfacial reaction, organic reaction or polymerization will be employed in such reactors for the fabrication of two-dimensional nanomaterials. We anticipate significant application of our design of spatially confined chemical reactors in not only scientific research but also industrial application of nanomaterial fabrication.

小型化的限域化学反应体系有高效、低消耗、易集成和产物高度可控等优点，已广泛应用于需要昂贵或者危险化学品、对产物调控有较高要求的生产领域。但目前的限域化学反应体系主要是利用微流体通道进行反应空间的设计，存在通道尺寸可调范围较小、只能进行简单化学反应、不能用于制备二维微纳米材料等缺点。本课题旨在利用液体在特殊浸润性材料上的铺展和低粘附特性，构筑一种新颖的二维限域化学反应体系。研究中将制备油滴能可控二维铺展并保持低粘附特性的特殊浸润性材料，并设计二维限域反应空间。通过微升至纳升级油/有机液滴等含不同化学物质的反应单元的可控铺展和相互融合，构筑一种能进行界面化学反应、聚合反应等复杂化学反应的，并可用于制备二维微纳米材料的小型反应体系。该项目所提出的利用液滴在表面的特殊铺展和低粘附状态构筑二维空间限域的化学反应体系的研究，具有重要的科学意义和应用前景，有望在纳米材料的器件化制备上得到广泛的应用。

本课题旨在利用液体在特殊浸润性材料上的铺展和低粘附特性，构筑一种新颖的二维限域化学反应体系。在研究中，我们成功制备基于有机凝胶以及有机聚硅氧烷的特殊浸润性材料，在其表面实现了对油滴等地表面能液体的可控二维铺展，并进一步的实现了可控的限域化学反应。我们系统研究了表面化学修饰和材料性质等对微升至纳升级油/有机液滴的铺展行为以及接触角的调控机理，探索了含有较低浓度化学反应物的前驱液在特殊浸润性材料上的界面化学反应，为进一步利用该体系制备二维微纳米材料打下了坚实的基础。该项目所提出的利用液滴在表面的特殊铺展和低粘附状态构筑二维空间限域的化学反应体系的研究，具有一定的科学意义，有望在纳米材料的器件化制备上得到一定的应用。