弹道冲击下厚向接结织物增强复合材料的结构响应与破坏机理

Engineering design of ballistic composite with lighter weight and better protection is required for the development of future personal protective equipment. The multiply 3D woven fabric reinforced composites exhibit advantages in ballistic resistance by having the Z-binding yarns and layered structures. This project will focus on the study of the failure mechanisms and ballistic responses of 3D woven textile reinforced composites with Z-binders. The 3D woven reinforcement structures with Z-binders (including through-the-thickness angle-interlock fabrics, orthogonal fabrics and layer-to-layer fabrics) will be designed and produced based on para-aramid fibers. The ballistic performances of the composites reinforced by the aforementioned structures will be investigated experimentally through ballistic tests and post-mortem examinations, as well as numerical fabric-level finite-element modelling. The roles of these Z-binders in impact stress distribution and energy absorption will be looked into. The effects of Z-binding depth and orientation on the ballistic resistance will be analyzed. Comparisons among the Z-bond 3D woven, UD lay-up and 2D plain weave structures will be conducted to understand the differences in their impact responses and protection mechanisms. The proposed research would contribute to the design of multi-layer reinforcing schemes for lightweight ballistic composites, based on the failure mechanisms of 3D Z-bonded woven fabric reinforced composites against ballistic impacts.

构造轻质且防护效能高的防弹复合材料是未来单兵防护装备研发的主线。厚向接结织物叠层增强复合材料因兼具厚度方向的增强纱线和层次结构在应对横向弹道冲击方面具有独特优势。本项目拟通过弹道测试与无损检测配合织物级别有限元模拟分析的方法，重点研究芳纶厚向接结织物(包括角联锁织物、正交织物与层间接结织物)增强复合材料在弹道冲击下的损伤吸能特性及结构动态应力响应的机理，阐明厚向接结方式、衬垫纱排列等织物结构参数对复合材料防弹性能的影响机制，明确厚向接结织物相比现役UD与2D织物结构在防弹复合材料增强方面的冲击响应与损伤吸能模式差异。建立厚向接结叠层增强结构设计原则，为不同冲击条件下叠层厚向增强复合材料轻量化结构设计提供科学指导。

厚向接结织物叠层增强复合材料因兼具厚度方向的增强纱线和层次结构在应对横向弹道冲击方面具有独特优势。本项目利用双经轴多臂织机设计织造出具有不同结构参数的对位芳纶厚向接结织物结构，通过弹道测试配合纱线级别细观有限元模拟，系统研究了厚向增强结构对织物及其增强复合材料的弹道冲击响应与破坏机理。研究的主要成果包括：明确了各维度织物增强复合材料在弹道冲击下的损伤吸能特性及结构动态应力响应差异，阐明了厚向接结方式、衬垫纱排列等织物结构参数对复合材料防弹性能的影响机制。建立起厚向接结混杂叠层增强结构设计原则，并开发出具有不同防护级别的单兵防护装备，为弹道冲击条件下复合材料轻量化结构设计提供了科学指导。基础研究成果已发表科技论文7篇，其中SCI论文5篇，核心中文期刊2篇，申请中国发明专利2项。