毫米波表面共形有源介质谐振器天线阵列研究

The project deals with investigation of equipment cover conformal active antennas and arrays operating in millimeter-wave band and with numerical analysis methods for them. The three-dimensional high speed circuits such as connective lines and via will be modeled. Some active circuit models will be considered. Antenna takes hollow dielectric resonator as a radiator, inside which front-end circuits of transmitters/receivers such as low noise amplifier, filter, and directional coupler are embedded. The interaction of these circuits and antennas will be studied in the first part of the research so that the active antennas can be used to design the terminals of handset wireless equipment. In the second part of the research, we will study the dispersion characteristic of new radiating and packaging materials such as glass ceramics (aerospace material) by both theoretical analysis and experimental investigation. The integration of those materials and dielectric antennas/arrays will also be studied. In the third part of the research, the method of geometric inversion will applied to analysis the active antennas. The antennas use non-metallic part of vehicle-mounted/onboard/missile-borne equipment shells as radiators. The antenna needs to be conformal to the shell of the equipment so that it can conceal on the equipment enclosure and make the equipment compact. In the above cases, the antenna performance will be considered and studied including input impedance, VSWR and radiation pattern, antenna gain and polarization. Finally, for the antenna analysis method, high efficient and stricter time-domain techniques will be developed. Use of the proposed algorithm, the active antennas can be analyzed much more efficiently.

项目研究与设备外壳共形的毫米波频段有源天线/天线阵设计及其高效数值分析方法。内容包括：(1) 建立FDTD计算区域内三维高速电路如过孔、交叉线等单元时域模型，建立电子器件的突变结、线性缓变结和表面电子迁移等物理模型，进而求解，研究这些电路外部封装介质天线时，与天线的相互作用问题；(2) 研究毫米波频段介质的色散问题，对微晶玻璃等特种航天材料在毫米波频段的色散性质进行理论分析和实验研究，研究此类材料的宽带介质参数，用于介质天线设计；(3) 研究天线的几何外形反演问题，以车载、机载和弹载等电子设备外壳的一部分非金属作为天线的辐射体，在设计天线的同时考虑与设备外壳完全共形，使天线隐蔽在设备外壳上，使具有天线的电子设备外观紧凑。研究这些情形下天线的输入阻抗、电压驻波比、辐射方向图、增益和极化等电性能问题。在数值分析方面，发展快速而高效的时域计算方法，应用所提出的方法对上述问题进行有效分析。

项目研究了与设备外壳共形的毫米波频段有源天线/天线阵设计及其高效数值分析方法，成果内容包括：(1)在空腔介质谐振器内部空间构建放大器、滤波器和定向耦合器等接收机/发射机前端电路，研究了这些电路与天线的相互作用问题。以空腔介质谐振器为电磁辐射体，研究了天线设计问题，包括多模薄片介质天线，宽带介质天线和轴向模式辐射的圆极化介质螺旋天线，特别是研究了八分之一球面介质谐振器天线作为设备外壳封装的一部分与设备表面共形; (2)将介质天线与电路封装同时考虑，研究电路的封装材料在毫米波频段的色散特性及其与介质天线/天线阵的联合设计问题。研究了电路封装时的天线与电路相互作用，分析了键合线的传导和辐射敏感度；(3)以车载、机载和弹载等移动电子设备外壳的一部分非金属作为天线的辐射体，在设计天线的同时考虑与设备外壳完全共形，使天线隐蔽在设备外壳上，研究天线的几何外形反演问题，使具有天线的电子设备外观紧凑。研究这些情形下天线的输入阻抗、电压驻波比、辐射方向图、增益和极化等天线的电性能问题；(4) 在数值分析方法方面，发展了快速而高效的时域计算方法，对时域有限差分法的球形截断边界进行了细致分析，研究了完全匹配层吸收边界在球面截断边界中的应用。上述工作达到了预定的研究目标。