基于纳米金探针的微流控传感器用于重金属检测研究

Heavy metal pollution has become a serious environmental problem。 There are an urgent demand to develop a new detection method for heavy metal ions in the environment with rapid , real-time , effective monitoring. Traditional heavy metal detection methods such as plasma mass spectrometry , SPR and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) techniques, although have high sensitivity and specificity, but require complex sample preparation process. Thus, it is difficult to achieve rapid and real-time detection of heavy metals in actual needs. In this proposal, we will make full use of excellent physical and chemical properties of gold nanoparticles , develop new nano- gold nanoparticles probe based on 'turn-on/turn off' sensing analysis principles , and study specific adsorption effect of competition between fluorescence functionalized gold nanoparticles and heavy metal ions in aqueous solution. We will also study the effect of the size of the gold nanoparticles on sensor sensitivity , response rate. Combined with microfluidic technology , this proposal will develop a gold-nanoparticle based new portable detection system with high selectivity and high sensitivity for for heavy metal contaminants . Successful implementation of this project will be able to overcome the current high cost of traditional techniques, which are time-consuming and difficult to implement on-site monitoring to determine. This project will provide new tools and technical support for real-time monitoring of heavy metals.

重金属污染已经成为一个严重的环境问题，对环境中的重金属离子进行快速、实时、高效的监测因此显得极为重要。传统的重金属检测方法如等离子质谱、SPR和表面增强拉曼散射SERS等技术，虽然灵敏度高、特异性强， 但需要复杂的样品预处理等步骤，难以实现快速实时检测重金属的实际需要。本课题利用纳米金颗粒优异的物理化学性能，发展新型的纳米金‘turn-on/turn off’传感分析原理，设计纳米金探针，通过研究纳米金颗粒表面荧光基团与重金属离子在水溶液中的特异竞争吸附效应，揭示纳米金颗粒尺寸大小对传感灵敏度、响应速率的影响，结合微流控技术，探索可便携的基于金纳米颗粒的微流控光学传感分析技术用于重金属污染物的高选择和高灵敏度检测。该项目的成功实施，将能克服当前传统技术高成本、耗时以及难以实现现场监测等确定，为重金属污染的实时监测提供新的工具和检测平台。

重金属污染已经成为一个严重的环境问题，对环境中的重金属离子进行快速、实时、高效的监测因此显得极为重要。传统的重金属检测方法如等离子质谱、SPR和表面增强拉曼散射SERS等技术，虽然灵敏度高、特异性强，但需要昂贵的检测仪器系统和复杂的检测流程，难以实现现场快速实时检测重金属的实际需要。本课题针对现实水质监测对低成本、便携式重金属检测系统的需求，利用简易低成本微流控芯片加工方法结合水质样品快速浓缩、简便低成本试纸检测技术构建了面向重金属高灵敏度多重检测的系统雏形，该系统可在30分钟内实现汞、铝、铅等金属离子分别约0.5nM、0.8nM、0.3nM的检出，具有较好的灵敏度和成本应用优势。该项目的成功实施，将能克服当前传统技术高成本、耗时以及难以实现现场监测等缺点，为重金属污染的实时监测提供新的工具和检测平台。