喜马拉雅山南坡勒布沟兽类物种多样性垂直分布格局

Elevational pattern of species diversity is one of the key points to biodiversity studies, however large data on horizontal diversity model lacks details on such elevational gradient, and need field survey data for correction. The Lebu valley is located in the south slope of Himalayas, and has a wide elevational range of over 7000 meters, which provide an ideal platform for the study of the elevational pattern of mammal species diversity. For the low elevation range is illegally occupied by India, the study on mammal diversity in Lebu valley is important to the mammal resources in southern Tibet. We had kept long term studies on mammal diversity in south slope of Himalayas, and had report one new mammal record of China in this region, but the elevational pattern of mammal species diversity, mechanism and the regularity of changes still need further studies. This study proposed to integrate field survey and GIS analysis to get the elevational pattern of mammal species diversity in Lebu valley, analyze the elevational pattern of environmental (biological and abiotic) factors including spatial area, mid-domain effects, climate, vegetation, potential evapotranspiration and habitat heterogeneity, and use polynomial regression model fitting and AICc model selection to reveal the relationship between elevational pattern of mammal species diversity and environmental factors. By establishing the fitting model between mammal diversity and environmental factors, we would like to predict the impact of climate change on mammal species diversity, and to provide a scientific basis for policy-making and implementing in conservation of mammal species diversity in southern Tibet.

物种多样性垂直分布格局是生物多样性研究的关键问题之一，但水平尺度的大数据模型难以精细描述其在海拔梯度上的精细变化，需要实地调查数据进行校正。勒布沟位于喜马拉雅山南坡，海拔梯度范围超过7000米，为兽类物种多样性垂直分布格局的研究提供了理想平台；由于低海拔区域为印度非法侵占，研究勒布沟的兽类多样性对掌握藏南地区兽类资源状况有重要的意义。申请人长期在喜山南坡沟谷研究兽类多样性，已在本研究区域发表中国兽类新纪录1项。但兽类物种多样性垂直变化格局、机制及相关变化规律等仍有待进一步研究。项目拟运用实地调查与GIS分析研究勒布沟兽类物种多样性垂直分布格局，并结合景观、气候和植被等环境因子垂直分布格局，运用模型拟合及模型选择手段，探讨兽类物种多样性垂直分布格局与环境因子的关系，构建兽类物种多样性垂直分布与环境因子关系模型，预测气候变化对兽类物种多样性垂直分布的影响，为制定保护和管理政策提供科学依据。

物种多样性垂直分布格局是生物多样性研究的关键问题之一，但普遍的大数据分析着重于水平尺度，难以精细描述其在海拔梯度上的变化，需要通过实地的调查数据进行校正分析。勒布沟位于喜马拉雅山南坡，海拔梯度范围超过7000米，为兽类物种多样性垂直分布格局的研究提供了理想平台；由于低海拔区域为印度非法侵占，研究勒布沟的兽类多样性对掌握藏南地区兽类资源状况有重要的意义。.项目通过在垂直海拔范围超过7000米的喜马拉雅山南坡沟谷中开展兽类物种多样性研究，掌握了勒布沟兽类物种多样性状况及其垂直分布格局，为我国藏南地区兽类资源状况的掌握提供了坚实的基础；利用红外自动相机等研究手段对喜马拉雅山区域珍稀濒危大型兽类的生态学和生物学研究，了解了喜马拉雅山区域两种麝类的行为学特征和适宜栖息地范围，并通过模型模拟了气候变化情景下麝类适宜栖息地变化中可能面临的风险，为保护地规划及建设提供了科学依据；利用小型兽类样本采集时同步收集的环境污染物样品，揭示了土壤中总汞累积与小型兽类毛发中总汞累积的协同关系，并对本区域大中型食肉兽类的潜在汞累积威胁做出了预警，为相关物种的保护管理提供了数据支撑。.本项目共发表论文8篇，其中中文核心期刊2篇，SCI索引论文6篇，项目培养硕士研究生2名。