宽带隙聚合物给体材料的设计合成与高效率聚合物太阳能电池器件性能的研究

Polymer solar cells (PSCs) have paid more attention because of their advantages on flexible, low-cost, light-weight and large-area solution processing. In the past few years, fullerene-free PSCs get rapid development, the power conversion efficiencies (PCE) have exceed 12% so far, which are higher than those of fullerene-based PSCs. The development of high-performance active layer materials still play a critical role in breaking through the record of PCE. Considering, it is very urgent requirement in high-performance wide bandgap (WBG) polymeric donors to match narrow bandgap (NBG) non fullerene acceptors in fullerene-free PSCs, in this project, we propose to develop high-performance WBG polymeric donors. In order to achieve the well-match in energy levels and absorption spectrum with NBG non-fullerene acceptors, we will design WBG polymers towards to broaden absorption, decrease HOMO energy levels and improve charge carry mobilities by functionalizing polymer side chains and main chains. We will carefully study the strategies and law in design high-performance WBG polymeric donors and further investigate the methods in tuning active layer morphology. We plan to fabricate single-junction, tandem and ternary PSCs, finally, realize over 14% efficiency in fullerene-free PSCs.

聚合物太阳能电池具有柔性、低成本、质量轻、可大面积制备等显著优点，受到人们的广泛关注。近年来，非富勒烯型聚合物太阳电池得到迅速发展，其最高能量转化效率已超过12%。发展新型高性能活性层材料依然是推动聚合物太阳能电池能量转换效率提升的关键因素之一。在本项目中，针对窄带隙非富勒烯聚合物太阳能电池体系对高性能宽带隙聚合物给体的迫切需求，申请人拟设计合成宽带隙聚合物给体材料，通过对分子的侧链与主链调控，拓宽聚合物的吸收光谱，降低聚合物的HOMO能级，提高聚合物给体材料的载流子迁移率，实现与窄带隙非富勒烯型受体的高度匹配，深入研究宽带隙聚合物给体材料的设计方法和规律，近一步研究与非富勒烯窄带隙受体共混薄膜的聚集态控制方法。我们拟将制备单层、叠层以及三元组分的光伏器件,最终拟将聚合物给体-非富勒烯受体太阳能电池提高到14%以上。

有机太阳能电池（OSC）具有成本低、重量轻、半透明、可制备成柔性器件等突出优点，近年来被各国科学家光伏关注。新型光活性层材料的设计是获得高光电能量转换效率的关键途径，因此成为该领域的研究热点之一。本项目中，申请人通过调控有机光伏材料的羰基侧链、氯原子的取代位置、共轭主链电子受体比例和共轭侧链等方法，有效调节了聚合物的吸收光谱、分子能级和溶液中的聚集特性，明显改善了有机光伏材料的迁移率、分子堆积。研究了光伏光伏给体材料分子结构、薄膜的聚集态结构与光伏性能的关系。获得了高效聚合物给体材料、小分子给体材料分子设计与相应光活性层微观形貌的调控规律。发展了一些高性能的聚合物和小分子给体材料。最终， 我们分别在聚合物与全小分子太阳能电池获得了16%和15.3%的光伏效率。申请人基于本项目共发表第一或通讯作者13篇论文，包括 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1篇，Sci. China Chem. 1篇，Sci. China Mater. 1篇，Chem. Commun. 1篇，J. Mater. Chem. A 1篇 等等。