用于柔性锂离子电池的碳纳米管复合电极研究

The research in high performance flexible lithium ion batteries (LIBs) thrives with the increasing demand in novel flexible electronic devices. The development of LIBs highly relies on the improvement of electrode design, performance and stability of the electrode material under mechanical deformation, and efficient interfacial electron and ion transfer. Carbon nanotube (CNT) with excellent electrical and mechanical properties and high chemical stability has received considerable attentions as a candidate material in making high performance electrodes for flexible LIBs. This project focuses on the fabrication of carbon nanotube thin film as the flexible and conductive network, homogeneous loading of active materials onto the carbon nanotube network, and the construction of composite electrodes with high conductivity, excellent mechanical properties, and high capacity for flexible LIBs. We will specifically aim at the following aspects: developing new strategies to design and fabricate novel flexible CNT composite electrodes, understanding the processes of interfacial charge and ion transfers, and characterizing the performance of flexible LIBs under a variety of mechanical deformation. The goals of this project include: achieve high performance flexible CNT composite electrodes, establish mechanistic understanding to interfacial interactions and electron/ion transfer, provide guidance to the structural design of flexible composite electrodes, and finally fuel the extensive applications of high performance LIBs in flexible electronic devices.

为了满足各种便携式、可穿戴、可弯折柔性电子器件对储能装置的需求，发展柔性、高容量、安全、稳定的锂离子电池已成为研究热点。柔性锂离子电池的性能与电极材料性能、电极结构设计、界面电子和离子传输、在机械形变等复杂工作条件下的性能稳定性密切相关。碳纳米管具有优异的电学、力学性能和化学稳定性，是构筑柔性电极的理想材料。本项目发展碳纳米管薄膜作为柔性导电网络，通过活性材料在碳纳米管网络的可控均匀负载，构筑导电性好、力学性能优异、比容量高的柔性碳纳米管复合电极。研究内容包括：柔性碳纳米管复合电极的结构设计和制备；柔性电极所涉及的多种界面结构和耦合作用；柔性锂离子电池的系统集成和性能表征。期望构筑出具有优异性能的柔性电极，在界面作用和电子、离子传输等科学问题上有所突破，并用于指导柔性碳纳米管复合电极的结构设计，发展出安全、稳定、具有高能量密度的柔性锂离子电池原型器件，最终推动其在柔性电子设备中的广泛应用。

为了满足各种便携式、可穿戴、可弯折柔性电子器件对储能装置的需求，发展柔性、高容量、安全、稳定的锂离子电池已成为研究热点。柔性锂离子电池的性能与电极材料性能、 电极结构设计、界面电子和离子传输、在机械形变等复杂工作条件下的性能稳定性密切相关。碳纳米管具有优异的电学、力学性能和化学稳定性，是构筑柔性电极的理想材料。本项目在以下三方面进行了深入系统的研究工作：柔性碳纳米管复合电极的结构设计和制备；柔性电极所涉及的多种界面结构和耦合作用；柔性锂离子电池的系统集成和性能表征。利用碳纳米管薄膜作为柔性导电网络，通过活性材料在碳纳米管网络的可控均匀负载，成功构筑出导电性好、力学性能优异、比容量高的柔性碳纳米管复合锂电池电极。获得了具有优异机械性能和电化学性能的柔性锂离子电池原型器件，并作为储能装置应用于柔性电子器件。本项目揭示了与柔性碳纳米管复合电极相关的界面作用、电荷转移、离子传输等的机理和规律，并探索了碳纳米管在柔性储能领域的实际应用。本项目取得了如下代表性成果：（1）宏观尺度碳纳米管海绵结构的制备和应用。（2）柔性碳纳米管复合锂离子电池电极结构设计和制备。（3）柔性碳纳米管复合锂硫电池电极的构筑。（4）柔性锂硫电池碳纳米管基功能型中间层以及无机物添加剂与多硫化物相互作用研究。（5）具有金属涂层的超薄碳纳米管薄膜集流体。（6）基于超顺排碳纳米管薄膜的超可拉伸导体材料。（7）基于超顺排碳纳米管薄膜的柔性透明应变传感器。（8）可拉伸柔性锂离子电池的系统集成和性能表征。