融合DORIS/SLR数据提高ERP参数解算精度的关键算法研究

The Earth Rotation Parameters (ERP) with high accuracy and high time resolution play important roles in the establishment of geodetic control network, the precise orbit determination and autonomous navigation. The optimization of the data structure and weight allocation can effectively improve the accuracy of ERP parameters computed using DORIS and SLR data. However, there are still two important problems in the optimization of data structure and weight allocation: 1) The selection of the tracking station is mainly based on manual selection, and the optimization effect is not good enough and the efficiency is low. How to improve the effect of the selection of stations to optimize the data structure is the key to improve the accuracy of ERP parameters; 2) During the process of computing ERP parameter using DORIS/SLR data, the Helmert variance component estimation weighting method can easily lead to negative standard variance components, and weighting method according to the experience has a problem that standards and scale factor are not unified.. Based on the research of DORIS/SLR precision orbit determination and SLR solution of ERP parameters, this project puts forward the following solutions to the above problems: The optimization of the tracking station selection will be put forward using spatial point pattern analysis method, and both the weighting method according to experience and the Helmert variance component estimation weighting method will be improved. This study has important practical value for improving the accuracy of ERP parameters and solving efficiency.

高精度高分辨率的ERP参数在大地控制网建立、飞行器精密定轨与自主导航等方面起着关键作用。融合DORIS和SLR数据解算ERP时，优化观测结构与权重配置可有效提高参数解算精度。但观测结构优化和权重配置方法还存在以下问题：1）跟踪站选取多人工选取，优化效果不佳且效率低下，如何提高测站选取效果从而优化观测结构是提高ERP解算精度的关键问题之一；2）赫尔默特方差分量估计定权法容易导致方差分量出现负值，而经验定权法存在标准和尺度因子不统一的问题，因此如何对两种数据进行权重配置算法优化是提高ERP解算精度的另一关键问题。. 申请人对融合DORIS/SLR精密定轨及SLR解算ERP参数已取得较好成果。本项目在此基础上围绕上述关键问题，提出如下解决思路：利用空间点模式分析算法优化测站选取；改进经验定权法和赫尔默特方差分量估计定权算法。本研究对提高ERP参数的解算精度具有重要价值。

地球自传参数是实现地球坐标系、天文坐标系和动力学坐标系相互转换的重要基础参数。高精度、高时间分辨率的ERP参数是地球海洋大气系统的“敏感器”，在大地控制网建立、飞行器精密定轨与自主导航，以及深空探测等方面起着关键作用。该课题研究了基于DORIS和SLR的高精度DORIS和EOP地球自转参数解算和分析，采用小波分析和奇异谱分析方法，对各地球转参数的分量进行了分解和精确重构，并利用快速傅立叶变换对各分量周期进行研究，并对其机制进行了详细分析。卫星的精密导航离不开高精度的地球自转参数，但这些参数并不能实时获得，因此不能实时为卫星导航服务，因此，本课题的研究理论和方法可以用于地球自转参数的精密预报，为空间飞行器的定位和导航提供重要参数。项目执行期间，发表学术论文11篇，其中SCI检索论文6篇，中文期刊论文5篇。