基于擦拭型基底SERS的果蔬农药残留快速检测研究

In recent years, there have been increasing numbers of food safety accidents, which posed serious risks to human health and raised a great deal of concerns in consumers. Traditional detection methods include HPLC, GC-MS, and other methods. However, those methods are expensive, time-consuming, require complex sample pretreatment, and are not suitable for on-site detection. There is an urgent need to develop rapid, accurate, portable Raman equipment and methods that are suitable for on-site detection of food safety attributes. Based on our previous work of fabricating surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates and developing Raman instrument, as well as the applications of SERS in food safety, medicine, and disease detection, we propose to develop soft “wipe-and-test” rolled polymer-based SERS substrates that have uniform microstructures and are suitable for mass production and nanocellulose SERS substrates with strong absorption ability. Those novel substrates will be used in rapid detection of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables. We will use “wipe-and-dry” approach to simplify the procedures of extraction and concentration of analyte molecules. We will also use direct-coupling replace optical fiber coupling and design folded transmission optical path layout to improve the efficiency of collecting the Raman signals and compact the size of the spectrometer. This project will establish a new portable and sensitive Raman system and detection methodology that has potential to provide new, sensitive, selective, and reliable rapid detection methods for pesticide residues in foods.

近年我国食品安全问题频发，已经成为危害人民健康甚至生命的严重关切问题。传统检测方法如高效液相色谱和气相色谱-质谱联用法等存在设备昂贵、样品需要复杂的前处理、耗时、不适于现场检测等缺点，迫切需要建立快速、准确、便携、适用于现场检测的食品安全检测系统和方法。本课题在前期表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）基底制备、拉曼仪器研发及SERS在食品安全、药品和医学检测等应用研究工作的基础上，针对食品安全领域对农残快检的迫切需求，以果蔬中常用农药残留为研究检测对象，创新研究设计适用于果蔬农残快检的基于均一微结构设计及辊压工艺制造可大面积生产的聚合物和强吸收纤维作为基底的柔性擦拭型SERS 活性芯片，研究快速擦拭取样方法以简化采样、萃取和富集过程，研究采用直接耦合和紧凑型透射式大数值孔径光路等措施来提高拉曼信号的收集效率，建立高灵敏便携式拉曼检测实验系统。有望提供一种新的灵敏、特异、稳定的农残快速检测方法。

针对食品安全领域中农药残留快速检测的迫切需求，本课题以果蔬中常用农药为研究检测对象，创新提出基于表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）技术的果蔬农残快检方法和系统。设计制备柔性擦拭型和原位型SERS基底，提出擦拭取样测试法和原位贴附测试法，克服传统硬质SERS基底与果蔬表皮适应性差的难题，实现了果蔬农残的高灵敏快检。创新提出富集型、可视型、自清洁等多种SERS基底和相应的检测方法，克服了杂质干扰、逐点检测效率低、测试成本高等应用问题，实现了痕量物质分子的抗干扰高灵敏检测、区域分布快速检测、可降解检测等目标。采用紧凑型透射式大数值孔径光路，提高灵敏度并减小仪器尺寸，研制成功适用于果蔬农残现场快检的便携式和手提箱式拉曼光谱仪。结合光谱数据分析算法研究，将“光谱增强方法-取样技术-仪器系统-数据建模”四方面问题综合于一体，建立了一种灵敏、专属、稳定的果蔬农残快检方法，该方法可推广应用于其它食品安全的快速检测应用中。.在基金的支持下，发表期刊论文24篇（高被引1篇，SCI收录19篇，EI收录2篇），影响因子总和达到90以上，被引次数累计260余次，申请发明专利3项（已授权2项）。培养博士、硕士研究生5名，其中3人被评为优秀毕业生。综上，本项目高质量完成了申请书中的研究内容和研究计划，并对课题所涉及的相关内容进行了更加深入的拓展性研究，达到了预期研究目标和成果。