雌雄异花同株能源植物小桐子性别分化的分子基础研究

Sex differentiation of male and female flowers is one of important theory problems in developmental biology of plant, which is one of problems that must be highly paid attention to. It is very important for Monecious diclinous energy plant barbadosnut to carry out research on sex differentiation. The ratio of male and female flower is badly maladjusted in barbadosnut. Its female flowers were very few, which affected output of seeds and was very bad for its industrialization. If its sex ratio can be adjusted so that it can blossom out more female flowers and few male flowers, its output can be increased, which is very importantly significant in productive practice. Based on SSH suppression subtractive libraries, full-length cDNA library, analysis of bioinformatics and function, these genes will be obtained which have to do with sex differentiation of male and female flower in our research. By our research, difference of gene expression will be made clear. It will be done how these genes affect sex differentiation of male and female flowers. If our achievement is applied in practice, its industrialization will be accelerated.

植物的雌雄花性别分化问题既是植物发育生物学亟待解决的重大理论问题之一,也是农林业生产实践中必需给予高度重视的问题之一。而对于雌雄同株异花的重要能源植物小桐子来说，开展这方面的研究尤为重要。小桐子雄雌花比例严重失调，雌花过少，影响种子的产量，这对于其产业化非常不利。如果能人为调节性别比, 多开雌花, 少开雄花, 则有利于提高种子产量，这在生产实践上将具有重大意义。本研究拟在SSH差减文库、全长cDNA文库、生物信息学分析、功能分析等研究基础上，得到雌花和雄花性别分化的相关基因，弄清其雌雄花性别分化过程中的基因表达差异的情况，分析其对雌雄花性别分化的影响，以期在实践中加以应用，促进小桐子产业化进程。

植物的雌雄花性别分化问题既是植物发育生物学亟待解决的重大理论问题之一,也是农林业生产实践中必需给予高度重视的问题之一。而对于雌雄同株异花的重要能源植物小桐子来说，开展这方面的研究尤为重要。小桐子雌雄花比例严重失调，雌花过少，影响种子的产量，这对于其产业化非常不利。如果能人为调节性别比, 多开雌花, 少开雄花, 则有利于提高种子产量，这在生产实践上将具有重大意义。本研究通过对小桐子雌雄花SSH差减文库和雌雄花高通量转录组分析，共得到差异基因4352个，其中与雌花有关的1917个，上调900个，下调1017个。SSH差减文库和高通量转录组对照分析并通过荧光定量PCR验证，得到了与小桐子雌花和雄花性别分化的相关基因12个，弄清了其雌雄花性别分化过程中的基因表达差异的情况，结果显示小桐子雌雄花分化过程与性别相关基因MADS-box转录因子基因和性别决定基因SLY1/SLX1所编码的WD-40蛋白密切相关，也与植物激素乙烯和赤霉素及油菜素内酯代谢关系密切。