多卫星测高/重力梯度数据在南海地质构造研究和油气勘探中的应用

Seeking effective ways of petroleum exploration in South China Sea has played an important role for the country's economic construction and social development. To deal with the current situation that only sparse observation data with low spatial resolution and accuracy are available for petroleum exploration in South China Sea, satellite altimetry/gravity gradient anomalies are employed to inverse the deep structure and explore the petroleum resources of south China Sea. Firstly, Methods for the generation of prospecting geoids and gravity field using satellite altimeter data are developed, and altimeter-derived gravity gradient tensor data are constructed from satellite altimetry gravity field and digital terrain model. Then, high resolution gravity gradient anomaly map over South China Sea using altimeter-derived gravity gradient and GOCE gravity gradient data are presented/interpreted. Finally, the geological structures reflected by multi-scale prospecting geoids/gravity gradient anomalies are discussed based on the combined gravity gradient anomalies. Geological structures such as the deep sea source structure, buried depth of basement, boundaries of sedimentary basin, classification of uplift area and depression, distribution of fault structures, distribution of geologic bodies and their anomalous-density geometry parameters are detected to assess the potential hydrocarbon structure in the South China Sea. This study will provide theoretical basis and technical support for our new generation of satellite gravity exploration system as well as provide a new technical way for petroleum exploration in the South China Sea.

寻求有效的途径勘探南海油气资源，对国家经济建设和社会发展等方面具有重要的战略意义。针对当前南海油气勘探中观测资料不足，数据分辨率和精度较低的现状，本项目利用多卫星测高和GOCE重力梯度异常联合反演南海大地构造并探查油气资源：首先，基于多测高数据构建南海勘探大地水准面和测高重力异常，并探讨综合利用测高重力异常及地形资料计算测高重力梯度异常的方法；然后，融合测高重力梯度和GOCE重力梯度数据，构建南海高分辨率的重力梯度异常图；最后，基于融合后的高分辨率的重力梯度异常，探讨不同空间尺度的重力梯度异常/勘探大地水准面反映的大地构造意义，研究南海深部场源结构、基底埋深、圈定沉积盆地范围、盆地的隆坳划分、区域断裂展布、地质体分布和密度异常体几何参数等问题，评估南海潜在的含烃结构。本研究将为我国新一代卫星重力勘探系统提供理论参考和技术支撑，为南海油气勘探提供新的技术手段。

寻求有效的途径勘探南海油气资源，对国家经济建设和社会发展等方面具有重要的战略意义。针对当前南海油气勘探中观测资料不足，数据分辨率和精度较低的现状，本项目利用多卫星测高和GOCE重力梯度异常联合反演南海大地构造并探查油气资源：首先，基于多测高数据构建南海勘探大地水准面和测高重力异常，并探讨综合利用测高重力异常及地形资料计算测高重力梯度异常的方法；然后，融合测高重力梯度和GOCE重力梯度数据，构建南海高分辨率的重力梯度异常图；最后，基于融合后的高分辨率的重力梯度异常，探讨不同空间尺度的重力梯度异常/勘探大地水准面反映的大地构造意义，研究南海场源结构、基底埋深、圈定沉积盆地范围、盆地的隆坳划分、区域断裂展布、地质体分布和密度异常体几何参数等问题以及评估南海潜在的含烃结构等。本研究将为我国新一代卫星重力勘探系统提供理论参考和技术支撑，为南海油气勘探提供新的技术手段。