电动汽车无线充电系统动态机理与控制策略研究

In order to ensure the stability and safety at the process of electric vehicle (EV) wireless charging, it is urgent to research the dynamic mechanism and control strategy of EV wireless charging system on the basis of power battery dynamic load. Three key scientific problems are focused in this project: dynamic coupling mechanism of EV wireless charging system devices, system dynamic changing rules and multi-target cooperative control strategy. These will be studied through theoretical modeling, system simulation, and vehicle experiments. Firstly, dynamic characteristics of the power battery are discussed as the load of EV wireless charging system. Then, dynamic coupling mechanism of power battery, power electronics converters and wireless power transfer coils is discussed and the system dynamic model is established. Based on the model, system dynamic processes are described to get the dynamic changing mechanism and dynamic changing rules of system characteristic parameters. Furthermore, algorithm is designed through typical parameter identifications to cooperatively control the three devices in the system. Also, both system performance and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) targets are considered to make sure the system global optimum. Finally, simulation and vehicle experimental platforms are built to verify the dynamic mechanism, analyze the system and evaluate EMC performances. The research will develop wireless power transfer theories and lay a solid foundation for the design of EV wireless charging system and its control strategy.

为了保证无线充电过程中的稳定性和安全性，急需开展基于动力电池负载的电动汽车无线充电系统动态机理与控制策略研究。本项目针对无线充电系统设备间动态耦合机制、系统动态变化规律和多目标协同控制策略这三个关键科学问题，采用理论建模、系统仿真和实车实验等方法进行研究。揭示动力电池作为无线充电系统负载的动态特性；探讨动力电池、电力电子变换器、无线能量传输线圈之间的动态耦合机制；建立系统动态模型，量化描述系统动态过程；研究在动力电池动态负载作用下，无线充电系统的动态变化机理，并提炼系统特征参数的动态变化规律；通过对系统中典型被控参数的辨识，设计算法实现对三种设备的动态协同控制；同时，综合考虑系统性能指标与电磁兼容指标，保证系统达到全局最优的控制效果；最后通过仿真和实车实验进行验证，分析系统性能并评估系统的电磁兼容性。研究成果将丰富和发展无线电能传输理论，并为无线充电系统设计及其控制策略制定打下良好的基础。

为了保证无线充电过程中的稳定性和安全性，本项目开展了基于动态非线性负载的电动汽车无线充电系统动态特性与控制策略研究。本项目利用动力电池的机理与外特性，研究其作为无线充电系统负载的动态变化过程；并结合整流桥的非线性工作过程，阐述了无线充电系统的动态非线性负载特性；针对移动式无线充电系统，研究了系统参数的动态变化过程，分析了动态变化机理；并基于能量发射端的参数采集，实现了系统等效负载等参数的估计，提出了基于系统参数估计的能量发射端控制策略；进而基于实车环境，测试评估了无线充电系统的电磁辐射情况及其影响，并对系统传导电磁干扰特性进行了研究；最后通过仿真和实车实验对上述研究与分析进行了验证。本项目的研究成果丰富和发展了无线能量传输理论，并应用于电动汽车无线充电系统实车补偿网络的设计中，提升了电动汽车无线充电系统的性能，推动了相关技术的发展。