Echinacea species are popular herbal medicine used all over the world and food supplements for enhancing the immune system. However, conventional propagation of Echinacea is greatly impeded by low germination rates, and the plants need low temperature vernalization. Further, field production period is long three years, the yield is low, and the secondary metabolite content is affected by environmental conditions. Therefore, field-grown plants are difficult to satisfy international demand. For commercial scale production of bioactive compounds from Echinacea, we will use air-lift bioreactor to co-culture adventitious roots (AR) of three Echinacea species(Ehinacea purpurea,Echinacea angustifolia,Echinacea pallida) and produce a higher quantity of bioactive compounds (caffeic acid derivatives, flavonoids, polyphenols, and polysaccharides). During bioreactor culture, we will also produce unique caffeic acid derivatives of each species, e.g., chicoric acid, echinacoside and others simultaneously, and stimulate the accumulation of some caffeic acid derivatives by AR co-cultures compared to single culture. To establish optimal co-culture model for AR in bioreactor, we have confirmed the relatives of substrate parameters (e.g., pH, EC, and sugar) with AR biomass. In addition, we will enhance the accumulation of bioactive compounds by the addition of elicitors. To optimize the extraction process from AR, we will determine the yield of bioactive compounds and DPPH activity and the antioxidant and antibiotic potentials of AR extract were also evaluated. This study will be useful for commercial scale production of bioactive compounds from value-added medicinal plant cultures.
紫锥菊是世界上最常用的草药,可替代化学抗病毒药物的绿色、安全的天然免疫促进剂。紫锥菊种子发芽率低,栽培时生产周期长,产量低,药理活性不稳定。为紫锥菊的商业化应用提供大量原料,本项目以紫松果菊、狭叶紫锥菊和白色紫锥菊等3种药用紫锥菊不定根为研究对象,拟利用气升式生物反应器内不定根的共培养技术,生产的不定根中富含菊苣酸、紫锥菊苷等单独培养时不能同时含有的咖啡酸衍生物,并能刺激产生原来含量甚少的其他咖啡酸衍生物,还有丰富的黄酮、多酚和多糖等生理活性物质。在生物反应器内共培养过程中,拟对底物pH、EC、糖等参数变化与生物量的相关性进行分析,建立不定根共培养最佳模式;通过诱导剂的添加,促进不定根中目标产物的积累;以紫锥菊活性物质产率和DPPH自由基消除功能为指标,优化不定根活性物质提取工艺;研究不定根提取物的抗氧化和抗菌等生物活性特征。本项目研究为紫锥菊等药用植物次生代谢产物的工业化生产奠定基础。
本项目以紫松果菊(Pu)、狭叶紫锥菊(Ea)和白色紫锥菊(Pa)等三种药用紫锥菊不定根为实验材料,利用5L反应器研究不定根共培养机制。结果发现不同紫锥菊组合的不定根培养中,生物量在Pa+Pu组合中明显增加,但在Pa+Ea及Pa+Pu+Ea组合中下降;在Pa+Pu中,总酚、总黄酮及总咖啡酸衍生物含量显著增加,且发现了单一培养中未检测到的咖啡酸,抗氧化活性也最显著。对Pa+Pu共培养进行接种比率研究结果,最适接种比率为Pa:Pu=4:3。对MS基本培养基浓度和蔗糖浓度进行了筛选,结果不定根生物量和所有活性物质及抗氧化活性均在3/4MS添加50g/L蔗糖中最佳。不定根生长和物质合成动态研究结果表明,培养35天可获得最多代谢物质产量,总酚达564.3 mg/L,总多糖为502.1 mg/L,总黄酮457.4 mg/L,总咖啡酸衍生物416.1 mg/L;另外,最高的抗氧化活性也出现在35天。将共培养不定根最佳培养条件应用于大小不同的反应器中,结果发现10 L和20 L反应器中不定根生物量高于5 L反应器,而活性物质含量不发生变化,这种结果表明反应器越大不定根共培养效果越佳。以茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)作为诱导子处理不定根,总酚含量达62.2 mg/g DW(提高44. 99%),发现MeJA可促进不定根中苯丙氨酸解氨酶酶(PAL)的活性,在添加后的24小时内PAL活性迅速提高,在第24 h达最高,为24.03 nmol/mg/h;之后,PAL活性逐渐降低至12.47 nmol/mg/h。进一步,本研究采用CCD响应面分析法优化了不定根提取工艺,筛选出最佳提取工艺参数为提取温度68.33℃,提取时间2.43h,乙醇浓度56.56%,液料比91.49:1,此条件下多酚含量的估测值为63.37 mg/g DW,对其进行验证的结果,多酚含量达到65.84 mg/g DW。对不定根提取物进行了抗菌研究,以抑菌圈直径(IZD)作为评价指标。结果发现不定根提取物对金黄葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌和大肠杆菌均有抑制作用。大肠杆菌抑制效果最强(IZD=13.47mm),其次是枯草杆菌(IZD=12.87mm),而金黄葡萄球菌(IZD=12.28mm)抑制效果较弱。本项目研究表明共培养不定根可以作为紫锥菊抗菌产品生产的一种新原材料。同时,不定根共培养技术对其它药用植物次生代谢产物的工业化生产也具有参考价值。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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