光电化学电池光解富集低浓度氚化水的探索研究

With the development of nuclear power in China, the amount of waste water containing radioactive tritium also multiplied. Due to the poor selectivity in splitting water and tritiated water by electrolysis, electrolyzer is not competent in enriching huge amount of low-level tritiated water. At present, the development of technical in photocatalysis make it possible to split water efficiently using photoelectrochemical cells(PEC). Aiming to improve the hydrogen isotope separation factor in the progress of water splitting, this project designed new scheme to enrich low-level tritiated water by splitting water selectively through photoelectrochemical cell. This design is based on the theory and technology developed by electrolysis and photolysis. Because the photovoltage of PEC depend on the incident light wavelength and the photoanode materials, the selective water splitting is proposed to achieve by changing the wavelength and anode.

随着我国核能的发展，放射性含氚废水的量也成倍增加。电解法由于分解氢同位素水的选择性差，难以满足日益增加的低浓度氚化水处理需求。目前，利用太阳能分解水制氢的研究不断的取得突破，光解水技术日趋成熟。本项目从建立高效的低浓度氚化水富集系统出发，着眼于提高水分解过程的氢同位素分离因子，提出将光分解水制氢的新技术与已有的电解法分离氢同位素水的技术和理论相结合，构建复合光阳极并组建光电化学电池光解低浓度氚化水的新方法。项目的设计根据光电化学电池光生电压依赖于入射光频率及光阳极材料的特点，拟通过改变入射光频率和光阳极来限定光生电压，使之与氢同位素水分解的能量差相匹配，进而选择性的光电解水实现同位素水分离的目的。