新型抗菌羟基磷灰石复合纸及其过滤PM2.5的研究

In recent years, particulate matter (PM) pollution in air has appeared frequently in China. The high concentration of PM2.5 and the simultaneous pathogens pose huge threat to public health. Therefore, it is urgent to develop air filters with high PM2.5 removal efficiencies and efficient antibacterial properties. This project is first proposed to build a novel hydroxyapatite composite paper with good biocompatibility, high flexibility, high PM2.5 removal efficiency and high antimicrobial efficiency. Specifically, the antimicrobial agents such as chitosan, silver nanoparticles and zinc oxide nanoparticles will be hybridized with ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires, subsequently the composite nanowires will be organized with plant fibers and self-assembled into a new composite paper. The combination of ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires, plant fibers and antibacterial agents will endow the composite paper with multifunctions including high PM2.5 removal efficiency, low air flow resistance and excellent antibacterial performance. We will deeply and systematically study the scientific issues of hydroxyapatite composite papers, and discover the basic rules of these structures and performances. Then, systematically study the physicochemical properties, PM2.5 removal efficiencies, filtering mechanisms and antibacterial performances. Through these efforts, we hope to develop and provide a scientific basis for novel and multifunctional PM2.5 air filtration materials.

近年来我国多地出现严重雾霾天气，高含量PM2.5和易携带的病菌严重威胁人们身体健康，发展高效过滤和高效抗菌的新型PM2.5空气过滤材料具有重要的科学研究意义和良好的应用前景。本项目以多层次和多功能化设计的思路，创新性地提出以高柔韧性的羟基磷灰石纸为主体材料，构建过滤效率高、透气性好和负载抗菌剂的新型抗菌羟基磷灰石复合纸，实现生物相容性好、高效过滤PM2.5和高效抗菌的多功能性。具体以羟基磷灰石超长纳米线为主体介质，复合用于调控多孔结构和透气性的植物纤维以及壳聚糖、纳米银和氧化锌等高效抗菌剂实现多功能于一体。深入研究抗菌羟基磷灰石复合纸在构建过程中涉及的关键科学问题，阐明其结构与性能的基本规律；系统性研究抗菌羟基磷灰石复合纸的理化性质、PM2.5过滤性能、过滤机制和抗菌性能。通过以上努力，为新型多功能化PM2.5过滤材料的进一步研究和应用提供理论基础。

雾霾环境中高含量PM2.5颗粒物和易携带的病菌严重威胁人们的身体健康，迫切需要发展高效过滤和高效抗菌的新型PM2.5空气过滤材料。然而传统空气过滤材料存在种类、结构和功能单一的不足。本项目提出以高柔韧性的羟基磷灰石纸为主体材料，复合植物纤维和高效抗菌剂，构建抗菌羟基磷灰石复合纸，以实现生物相容性好、高效过滤PM2.5颗粒物、透气性好和高效抗菌的多功能性。具体为采用溶剂热法、离子掺杂和原位还原法分别制备高效负载银纳米颗粒、氧化锌纳米颗粒和同时负载银纳米颗粒和环丙沙星的抗菌羟基磷灰石超长纳米线；进而与调控多孔结构和透气性的植物纤维复合，制备得到同时具有高效过滤PM2.5颗粒物和PM10颗粒物、低空气阻力和高效抗菌性能的抗菌羟基磷灰石复合纸。系统研究抗菌羟基磷灰石复合纸的理化性质、过滤性能、过滤机制和抗菌性能，阐明材料结构与性能的基本规律，为新型多功能化PM2.5过滤材料的研究和应用提供科学基础。构建的抗菌羟基磷灰石复合纸可作为核心过滤材料嵌入日常过滤口罩或空气净化器等设备中，实现在各种雾霾天气环境中个人有效防护。.该项目的相关研究成果，已经在ACS Nano、Journal of Materials Chemistry A、Small、ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces、Chemical Engineering Journal、ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering等学术期刊上发表标注本项目资助的论文17篇。申请中国发明专利10项，其中获得授权中国发明专利4项。协助培养4名博士研究生已获得博士学位，还有1名在继续攻读博士学位。因此，本项目取得的成果已经完全达到并优于项目考核或预定研究指标的要求。