沟畦灌溉自适应控制机理

Improved automatic control of surface irrigation is essential measure in China to satisfy the increasing area of large scale project due to transfer of agricultural labor to other industries. The development of the automatic control technology and surface irrigation theory is the basis for achieving automatic control of surface irrigation. However, because of the spatial variance of the slope, roughness and the infiltration capability of the furrow irrigation and border irrigation, the irrigation rate and inflow cutoff are difficult to control uniformly, which introduce difficulties to the automated surface irrigation. Through field experiments and numerical simulations, the influence law of design parameters variation of the furrow irrigation and border irrigation to the water flow process and the water flow process to the irrigation technology element regulation variable will be carried out. The tracking control mechanism of the irrigation technology element to irrigation quality will be illustrated. The self-adapted model of furrow irrigation and border irrigation is established and put forward the solving method. The self-adaptive control strategy of real-time correction of surface water flow propulsion process will be achieved. The objective of the study is to demonstrate the application efficiencies achievable through the use of automated process, adjust inflow rate and time cut off to promote the conventional irrigation techniques in large scale project and meet the demand of the Chinese new countryside construction.

随着农业劳动力向其它产业的大量转移，农业规模化种植越来越普遍，人们对于地面灌溉自动控制的需求日益迫切。自动控制理论与技术的发展和地面灌溉理论的进步，为地面灌溉自动控制的实现奠定了基础。但是，由于沟畦灌溉的坡度、糙率、入渗性能等参数空间变异性的存在，导致灌水流量、改水成数难以统一控制，这给地面灌溉自动化的实现带来了困难。拟通过田间试验与数值模拟，开展沟畦灌溉设计参数变差对田面水流运动过程影响规律、田面水流运动过程对于灌水技术要素调控变量响应规律的研究，阐明灌水技术要素对灌水质量的追踪控制机制，构建沟畦灌溉的自适应控制模型并提出解算方法，得到田面水流推进过程实时纠偏的自适应调控策略，从而在自动化理论技术与设备的支撑下实现沟畦自动化灌溉，为满足我国新农村发展的现实需求，提升地面灌溉理论与技术做出贡献。

在农业劳动力不断向其它行业转移、农业规模化种植越来越普遍的背景下，地面灌溉自动控制的需求日益迫切。水流运动侦测、流量调控等设备的日趋完善为自动控制畦灌提供了硬件支撑基础，相较而言，地面灌溉自动控制理论研究已然成为了实现灌溉现代化的短板。本项目将试验研究、理论分析及数值模拟相结合，开展了沟畦灌溉设计参数变差对田面水流运动过程影响规律、田面水流运动过程对于灌水技术要素调控变量响应规律的研究，阐明了灌水技术要素对灌水质量的追踪控制机制，构建了沟畦灌溉的自适应控制模型。研究成果对解决灌溉现代化关键技术支撑缺失的瓶颈问题具有重要意义，切实推动了地面灌溉理论与技术的发展。