甘肃果树二斑叶螨多重抗药性分子机理及抗性监测技术研究

Tetranychus urticae（Koch）is damaging seriously fruit trees, and causing big reduction of yield and quality in Gansu because of its small body, rapid reproductive potential, and high resistance to acaricides. Overdoses and frequent spraying of acaricides are making it difficult to manage multiple resistances. Intensive planting of fruit trees are promoting multiple resistances to develop locally and repidly, so that it is hard to apply new and high effective acaricides, which are limiting the development of fruit trees industry. In this study, sensitive population of progenies of a single female and male of wild T. urticae will be established, populations resistant to fenpropathrin, abamectin, spirodiclofen and mixtures of several acaricides will be strengthened and screened via different types of acaricides, resistance dynamics will be monitored, interrelationships among the development of these acaricides will be figured out in order to support theoretical foundation for reasonable application of acaricides. Based on the aforementioned screening and strengthening, 4 resistant populations will be got in order to study the target resistance and metabolic resistance, to look for mutation sites of target functional enzymes and amplified sequences of metabolic enzymes, to figure out the molecular mechanisms of resistance of T. urticae to different acaricides, and high-flux monitoring techniques of screening resistant genes will be established via cooperation of allelic genotyping techniques and quantified PCR in order to provide new ideas and ways of molecular monitoring of multiple resistance, management and development of new acaricides.

二斑叶螨在甘肃果树上危害严重，由于其个体小，繁殖速度快, 抗逆性强，对果树产量和品质构成严重威胁。高剂量和高频次用药，形成了难以治理的多重抗药性，果树集中连片种植促使多重抗性进入局部快速发展阶段，新型高效药剂难以奏效，严重影响果树产业的发展。.本研究利用野外二斑叶螨，采用雌雄单系建立室内敏感种群，通过不同类型药剂强化筛选抗甲氰菊酯、阿维菌素、螺螨酯和混合药剂的抗性种群，监测其抗药性变化动态，弄清不同药剂抗药性发展的互作关系，为合理用药提供理论依据。同时利用室内筛选强化4种抗药性种群，研究不同种群的靶标抗性和代谢抗性，寻找靶标酶的功能突变位点和代谢酶的扩增序列，揭示二斑叶螨对不同药剂的抗药性分子机理，采用等位基因分型技术与定量PCR结合，建立高通量筛选抗性基因检测技术，为多重抗药性分子监测、治理和新农药开发提供新思路和新途径。