基于全矩阵方法的曲面结构纤维增强复合材料相控阵超声检测研究

With the development of aviation manufacturing industry, fiber reinforced composite material with excellent comprehensive performances to achieve widespread application, and has set up in some key parts instead of metal materials. But fiber reinforced composite material performance on damage and failure mechanism is complex, diverse failure phenomena and its damage detection is very difficult. Abroad in recent years, based on the data matrix of phased array ultrasonic testing technology research has achieved significant progress, due to the anisotropic fiber reinforced composite materials exist in the process of sound propagation wave-front aberration and interface diffusion problems. The above model cannot be directly applied to civil aviation aircraft nondestructive testing of composite components. This study using the characteristics of the typical civil aviation curvature component as well as the whole matrix data of phased array ultrasonic technology advantage, establishing consider composite component of geometrical features of the data matrix theory model, combined with anisotropic medium Green function of noise source, the study of layered anisotropic medium wave-front aberration characteristics and its influence on full matrix data characteristics, developing the virtual focus and virtual focus of composite material components received signal processing scheme. So as to realize civil aircraft component in accurate detection of internal defects in fiber reinforced composite materials.

随着航空制造业的不断发展，纤维增强复合材料以其优异的综合性能获得广泛应用，并已在某些关键部位代替金属材料。但纤维增强复合材料在损伤、失效等方面的表现却是机理复杂，现象多样，其损伤的检测非常困难。近年来，国外在基于全矩阵数据的相控阵超声检测技术研究方面已取得了初步进展，由于各向异性的纤维增强复合材料存在声传播过程中的波阵面畸变和界面处扩散等问题。导致基于上述模型不能直接应用于民航飞机复合材料构件的无损检测。本研究针对典型民航大曲率构件的特点以及全矩阵数据相控阵超声的技术优势，建立考虑民机复合材料构件几何特性的全矩阵数据理论模型，结合各向异性介质点声源Green函数，研究层状各向异性介质波阵面畸变特征及其对全矩阵数据特征的影响，制定针对复合材料构件的虚拟聚焦以及虚拟聚焦接收信号的处理方案。从而实现民机构件中纤维增强复合材料内部缺陷的准确检测。

纤维增强复合材料以其优异的综合性能在航空制造领域获得广泛应用，并已在某些关键部位代替金属材料。但纤维增强复合材料在损伤、失效等方面的表现却是机理复杂，现象多样，其损伤的检测非常困难。近年来，国外在基于全矩阵数据的相控阵超声检测技术研究方面已取得了初步进展，由于各向异性的纤维增强复合材料存在声传播过程中的波阵面畸变和界面处扩散等问题。本研究针对典型民航大曲率构件的特点以及全矩阵数据相控阵超声的技术优势，建立考虑民机复合材料构件几何特性的全矩阵数据理论模型，结合各向异性介质点声源Green函数，研究层状各向异性介质波阵面畸变特征及其对全矩阵数据特征的影响，制定针对复合材料构件的虚拟聚焦以及虚拟聚焦接收信号的处理方案。本研究利用形态学的图像增强处理方法，对规则缺陷进行表征，通过对超声回波的缺陷特征信号的提取以及成像方式进行了研究，提高了信号采集的速度与缺陷的检出度，并使得成像结果包含更加丰富的位置信息，从而实现民机构件中纤维增强复合材料内部缺陷的准确检测。