三维编织C/SiC复合材料的高温烧蚀特性与破坏及防热/承载一体化设计研究

Three-dimensional braided C/SiC composites have potential applications as thermal protection components in hypersonic remote aircraft. This project mainly focus on high-temperature ablation behavior and failure mechanism of such materials from experimental and theoretical view. Which include: Design and prepare of three-dimensional braided C/SiC composites, study high temperature ablation characteristics and damage of composites under real complex working environment, determine the possible factors affecting the ablation performance ; By introducing temperature, time and ablation parameters, establish the macro and micromechanics model of the ablation characteristics, study the relationship of materials'' ablation failure mechanism and its micro-structure as well as environmental factors; Develop and expand on the nonlinear dynamic finite element technique to simulate the high-temperature ablation behavior and failure process of braided composites; Propose evaluation system for high-temperature ablation properties of braided composites and the optimization criteria of integrated heat-resistant/bearing design. The purpose of this project is to explore methods for the characterization and evaluation of high temperature ablation behavior of braided composites. At the same time, provide the theoretical foundation and technical reserves for the design and application of braided composites in the field of hypersonic remote aircraft.

三维编织C/SiC复合材料，在高超声速远程飞行器热防护构件上具有潜在的应用价值。本项目主要对这类材料的高温烧蚀行为和失效规律进行实验与理论研究。主要包括：设计与制备三维编织C/SiC复合材料，实验研究真实复杂工作环境下材料的高温烧蚀特性与破坏，确定影响材料烧蚀性能的各种因素；通过引入温度、时间变量和烧蚀参数，建立编织复合材料高温烧蚀特性的宏细观力学模型，研究材料的烧蚀破坏机理与其细观微结构和环境因素的关系；对非线性动态有限元技术进行开发和拓展，模拟编织复合材料的高温烧蚀行为和破坏过程；提出适用于编织复合材料高温烧蚀性能的评价体系及防热/承载一体化的优化设计准则。本项目研究目的在于为编织复合材料高温烧蚀行为的表征与评价提供一种探索性的方法。同时，通过本项目的研究也为编织复合材料在高超声速远程飞行器领域的设计和应用提供一些理论基础和技术储备。

三维结构复合材料是一种新型结构材料，在航天航空领域有着广阔的应用前景。本项目主要设计和制备了多种编织结构，树脂基和陶瓷基增强的三维整体复合材料，并研究了不同温度下材料的力学特性、烧蚀特性和损伤失效规律。具体包括: 三维多轴向经编复合材料在不同温度下的拉伸、压缩、弯曲、剪切、摆锤冲击、疲劳力学性能、高应变率冲击力学性能、烧蚀特性及其破坏机理；三维编织复合材料在不同温度下的压缩力学性能、烧蚀特性及其失效机理；三维整体机织中空复合材料在不同温度下的压缩性能、弯曲性能、剪切性能、冲击力学性能及失效机理；三维细编针刺碳/碳编织复合材料在不同温度下的压缩性能、弯曲性能、高应变率冲击力学性能、摩擦磨损特性、烧蚀特性及失效机理；已发表SCI论文19篇，多篇在审；授权国家发明专利5项。本研究属于前沿性的基础研究，其研究成果一方面为编织结构复合材料的力学性能及失效机理的表征与评价提供一种探索性的方法，同时也为编织复合材料在现代航空航天领域的设计和应用提供理论基础和技术储备。