西南地区大气有机磷酸酯（OPE）的干湿沉降： 通量、机制及其对不同下垫面的污染效应

Environmental pollution from emission of organophosphate flame retardants continues to rise at an alarming rate in Southwest China since organophosphate flame retardants industry has been moving from the coastal developed areas to Southwest China. Compared with other persistent organic pollutants, organophosphate esters (OPEs) have lower Kow values, and OPEs in air tend into water than do more lipophilic compounds. Southwestern China is characterized by large amount of forests and high annual rainfall. All of these characteristics make it good area for OPE studying. In this project, OPEs are selected as targeted compounds. An integrated field observations and numerical simulations will be applied to explore occurrence and atmospheric deposition characteristics of OPEs in the area. The proposed research will base on an ecologically sensitive zone with distinctive meteorological conditions in Southwest China, and focus on the inherent laws of atmospheric deposition input and its influence on surface runoff. Those results will provide the more scientific understanding for environmental geochemistry and ecological geochemistry for OPEs.

我国西南地区有机磷阻燃剂行业正在急速发展，相关污染问题有可能在该地区集中爆发。与传统持久性有机污染物相比，有机磷酸酯（OPE）更倾向通过水体进行迁移，这与西南地区降雨量大、水系发达、植被覆盖率高的特点相契合，使得OPE在这一地区的生物/环境地球化学行为和过程具有典型性。本申请项目以大气中OPE为研究对象，基于野外采样、室内分析与数值模拟的集成研究，分析西南地区大气OPE的污染水平、时空变化规律；估算并揭示西南地区大气OPE的干湿沉降通量及其主要控制因素；评估西南地区大气OPE干湿沉降对不同下垫面的污染效应。研究着眼于我国西南地区独特的气候和地理条件，探究区域内OPE干湿沉降输入的内在机制以及对不同下垫面的污染效应，可为认识新型持久性有机污染物的环境行为、过程和归趋提供一个重要的研究范例，具有重要的科学价值。

本申请项目以大气中OPE为研究对象，基于野外采样、室内分析与数值模拟的集成研究，分析西南地区大气OPE的污染水平、时空变化规律；估算并揭示西南地区大气OPE的干湿沉降通量及其主要控制因素；评估西南地区大气OPE干湿沉降对不同下垫面的污染效应。研究结果显示：尽管与传统持久性有机污染物相比，OPE更倾向通过水体进行迁移，大气沉降依然是水稻田（灌溉水）、养殖区环境中OPE的主要来源；此外，OPE在环境中易降解，残留时间短，热带和亚热带地区温暖潮湿的土壤加剧这一过程，导致低纬度森林成为区域OPE重要归趋。