Stress is a major cause of schizophrenia (SZ). It is known to lead to impaired synaptic function through down-regulating BDNF, and activation of excessive inflammation through inhibiting AKT/GSK-3β pathway, and together leading to cognitive deficits. If these early pathological changes continuously worsen with time, SZ full onset would follow. While tools with the aforementioned effects are lacking, recent studies suggested that lithium might be a good candidate given its up-regulation of BDNF expression and anti-inflammatory effects by activating AKT. We have also previously demonstrated that the down-regulation of AKT likely contributes to the cognitive deficits in early lesions of SZ. We thus speculate that lithium can block stress-induced cognitive deficits and SZ full onset through promoting the expression of BDNF and anti-inflammatory effects. This study will prospectively validate the blockade efficacy of lithium augmentation therapy on the progression of cognitive deficits and transition to SZ in potential SZ patients-who are going to be diagnosed with Brief psychotic disorder, and explore whether this blockade efficacy is related to its’ influence on BDNF expression and cytokine levels. At the same time, mice model will be applied to confirm the blockade of stress induced down-regulating of BDNF, activation of excessive inflammation, cognitive defects and other SZ like phenotypes by lithium, as well as to clarify the participation of AKT/GSK-3β pathway in these effects. This proposed study will provide valuable tools for early intervention of SZ through verification of the effects of lithium in blocking stress-induced cognitive deficits and SZ full onset.
应激是精神分裂症(SZ)的重要诱因。它可通过下调BDNF损害突触功能,通过抑制AKT/GSK-3β激活炎症反应,二者共同诱发认知缺陷。若这些早期病变持续恶化则导致后续SZ全面发病。但目前尚缺少能阻断上述早期病变的手段。近来研究发现锂能上调BDNF并激活AKT从而缓解过度炎症,而我们前期发表的研究也提示AKT活性下降可能参与早期认知缺陷。基于此,我们假设锂能通过上调BDNF及抗炎作用从而阻断应激诱发的认知缺陷及SZ全面发病。本研究将在拟诊为短暂精神病性障碍(潜在SZ)患者中证明锂增效治疗对其认知缺陷及向SZ转化具有阻断作用,并探讨此作用是否与BDNF和炎症因子的变化有关;同时在小鼠模型中验证锂能阻断应激诱导的:BDNF下调、过度炎症反应、认知缺陷及其他SZ样表型,并证明AKT/GSK-3β通路参与其中。本研究通过证实锂对应激所致认知缺陷及SZ全面发病的阻断作用,有望为SZ的早期干预提供工具。
精神分裂症(SZ)是精神科临床上最常见、最严重的精神障碍之一。在SZ全面发病之前采取早期干预措施,阻断神经病理异常及改善认知功能缺陷是治疗SZ的方向。应激是SZ的重要诱因,它可通过过度活化小胶质细胞(MG)、增加炎症因子的释放使SZ患者对应激易感。此外,应激可通过下调BDNF损害突触功能,抑制AKT/GSK-3β从而激活炎症反应,二者共同诱发认知缺陷。锂在上调BDNF、抗炎、抗应激方面具有较大的潜力。据此,我们假设锂能通过上调BDNF的表达、激活AKT/GSK-3β信号通路,同时起到发挥抗炎和神经保护的作用,从而阻断应激诱发的认知缺陷和SZ全面发病。本项目主要研究了:(1)在首发拟诊为短暂精神病性障碍(BP)的患者中,探讨精神分裂症患者GABA能中间神经元功能缺陷假说,并验证该神经电生理指标是否反映了个体童年期不良事件和应激以及炎症反映的水平;(2)锂对慢性应激诱导的认知行为及其他SZ 样表型、炎症因子和BDNF表达的影响,是否阻断或延缓其认知缺陷及病情的进展;(3)锂发挥抗炎和上调BDNF而达到的认知保护及阻断SZ 进展的作用机制是否由AKT/GSK-3β 信号通路所介导。取得以下重要结果:(1)明确皮层内抑制参数(ICI)可作为SZ的早期生物标记,从而为SZ的GABA抑制缺陷假说提供了:基因-环境-内表型-临床症状不同层次的证据,为早期发现和早期干预精神分裂症提供有效靶点;(2)锂可通过降低MG的过度活化、抑制炎症因子的释放以及减少外周皮质醇的表达,从而阻断和改善慢性应激导致的焦虑、抑郁、社交退缩和认知障碍等行为异常;(3)锂可通过上调前额叶皮质中BDNF的表达,使AKT/GSK-3β磷酸化增加,激活AKT/GSK-3β 信号通路从而发挥抗炎和神经保护的作用。本项目的研究结果阐明了应激-炎症-BDNF与SZ之间的关系,进一步证实了锂对慢性应激所致的认知缺陷及SZ全面发病的阻断作用及机制,有望为SZ的早期干预提供科学依据,最终减轻SZ的健康损害和社会负担。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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